the crime control model

Herbert Parker

  • constructed 2 models to present the 2 competing systems of values which operate in the CJS

    • one focuses on the victim

    • The other on the accused

  • One may be more dominant than the other but both may be present

  • Although crime control appears to conform to the de process model, Parker argue that in proactive the crime control approach is most often used.

Crime control model

Values of the model

  1. Crime is a threat to society and should be dealt with quickly and effectively.

  2. The aim is to punish criminals and stop them from committing further crimes.

  3. Focuses on the rights of the victim and society rather than the rights of the defendant.

  4. It starts a presumption of guilt this believe that the police should be given more powers to identify, detain and interrogate suspects.

  5. Argues that if a few innocent people get caught up in this shift of justice approach then this is the price that we pay for a criminal justice system flag deals with criminals in q speedy and efficient way.

  6. Not interested in what causes crime, merely whether people commit crimes and how to stop them.

THEORY LINK

  1. Right realism and strategies such as Zero Tolerance policing.

  2. Right realism favours giving the police more powers of arrest and stop and search which is consistent with this model.

The due process model

Values of the model

  1. The opposite of crime control model

  2. The greatest threat to our freedom is the power of the state

  3. The goal is to protect the suspect/ accused from oppressions by the state

    • police,

    • prosecutors,

    • judges

  4. Presumes that everyone is innocent until proven guilty after a fair trial.

  5. Has less faith in the ability of the police to conduct satisfactory investigations that are free from

    • incompetence

    • Dishonesty

    • Corruption

  6. suspects and defendants right must be safeguarded by the due process rules that the trials must follow.

  7. The rules that must be followed during the trial are necessary obstacles that must be overcome to ensure a correct verdict is achieved.

  8. This can mean that the “guilty” can sometimes be released on a technicality.

  9. Lesser evil than convicting the innocent.

THEORY LINK

  1. Liberal approach

    • aims to stop state agencies like the police from oppressing people

  2. Has links with the labelling theory that looks at how people stereotype

  3. has links with left realism

    • who believe that the police adopt militaristic styles of policing and focuses on those individuals in area of social and economic disadvantage which can trigger confrontation between the police and these groups

  4. The realism believes that to tackle this crime the police need the co operation of communities not to make the comment feel like they are being targeted or discriminated against.