Exam Prep Notes: Microbiology and Genetics

Lecture 4: Introduction to Bacteria

Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic Cells

• Eukaryotic Cells:

  • Generally more complicated.

  • Possess a nucleus.

  • Contain membrane-bound organelles within their cytoplasm.

• Prokaryotic Cells:

  • Lack a nucleus.

  • Do not have membrane-bound organelles in their cytoplasm.

• Viruses:

  • Are not cells.

  • They are simply assemblies of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Bacterial Diversity

• Genetic Diversity:

  • Bacteria exhibit extensive branching in their