States of Matter and Physical Properties

Solubility

Solubility is the ability of a substance to dissolve in another.
Different factors can affect solubility.

Luster

Luster is a gentle sheen or soft glow, especially from a surface.
Metals have luster due to their reflective surface.

Malleability

Malleability is the ability of a substance to be molded or shaped, often without breaking.
Various substances can be rolled into different shapes.

Magnetic Attraction

Magnetic attraction refers to attractive and repulsive forces between objects.
Some metals exert a magnetic attraction.

Melting Point

The melting point is the temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid.
Different objects have different melting points.

Boiling Point

The boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas.
When water boils, it bubbles and steams.

States of Matter

Three states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas.

Solid

A solid has a definite shape and volume.
Molecules are closely packed together.

Liquid

A liquid has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container.
Molecules are close but can move around.

Gas

Gas takes both shape and volume of its container.
Molecules are spread apart.

Volume

Volume is the amount of space an object takes up or occupies.
Volume is measured in milliliters $(ml)$ for liquids and cubic centimeters $(cm^3)$ for solids.
$1 ml = 1 cm^3$

Mass

Mass describes the amount of matter in an object.
Mass is measured in grams $(g)$ .

Weight

Weight is a measure of gravitational force on an object.
The greater the mass, the greater the gravitational force, leading to a greater weight.

Density

Density is a measure of the amount of mass in a given volume.
Density is measured in grams per milliliter cubed $(g/ml)$ .

Electrical Conductivity

Electrical conductivity is a measure of how well an electric current can move through an object.

Thermal Conductivity

Thermal conductivity is the rate at which a substance transfers heat.