Conquest and Colonisation

Keywords

Conquest: where people or a country takes control of another group of people or country

Genocide: the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular nation of ethnic group

Empire: a group of countries ruled by another country

Colonisation: where a country takes over another country spreads is culture and settles its people there

Age of exploration: The period in 15th and 16th centuries when European countries explored or searched for other countries in the world

Impact: the effect or influence of a movement, event or person

Causes of age of exploration

New technology in navigation

  • Direction: compasses

  • Latitude: quadrant, astrolabe, cross-staff

  • Speed: log and line

  • Ship: caravels, carracks, carvel build

  • Sail: lanteen, square

  • Steering: rudder

  • Time: Sand-glass/hour-glass

The Portuguese explorations

People

  • Prince Henry the Navigator: Coast of Africa

  • Bartholomew Diaz: Around the tip of South Africa

  • Vasco da Gama: India

  • Pedro Cabral: Coast of Brazil

Impact on Portugal

  • New buildings built

  • Power and wealth => small ruling class

  • Portuguese settled in Brazil

The Spanish explorations

People

  • Christopher Columbus: inspired the Spanish explorations

    • Italian => got Spanish help => King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella

  • Hernando Cortés: Aztecs of Mexico

    • CAM: Cortés Aztecs Mexico

  • Francisco Pizarro: Incas of Peru

    • PIP: Pizzaro Incas Peru

Impact on Spain

  • Spain became the richest country in Europe

  • Infaltion

Treaty of Tordesillas

  • Prevent war between Spain and Portugal

Line of Tordesillas

  • West: Spain

  • East: Portugal

Impact of colonistaion

  • Slave trade

    • 12.5 million slaves between 16th and 19th century

    • Middle passage

    • Bad and cruel conditions

  • Plantations