LANGUANGE PROFICIENCY
Prefixes
a- / an- (amoral): without, not
ab- (abnormal): away from, off
ad- (adhere): toward, to
ante- (antebellum): before, in front of
anti- (antibiotic): against, opposite
auto- (autobiography): self, same
bene- (benefit): good, well
bi- (bicycle): two, twice
circum- (circumnavigate): around, about
co- / com- / con- (connect): with, together
contra- / counter- (contradict): against, opposing
de- (descend): down, away, remove
dia- (diagonal): through, across
dis- (disagree): not, apart, away
dys- (dysfunctional): bad, abnormal, painful
e- / ex- (expel): out of, from, former
epi- (epicenter): upon, above, over
eu- (eulogy): good, well, pleasant
extra- / extro- (extraordinary): outside, beyond
fore- (forecast): before, in front
hyper- (hyperactive): over, excessive, beyond
hypo- (hypodermic): under, below, deficient
il- / im- / in- / ir- (impossible): not, without
in- / im- (inhale): into, on, toward
inter- (international): between, among
intra- (intramural): within, inside
macro- (macroeconomics): large, long
mal- (malfunction): bad, ill, wrong
micro- (microscope): small, minute
mis- (mislead): wrong, bad, badly
mono- (monologue): one, single
multi- (multiply): many, much
neo- (neonatal): new, recent
non- (nonexistent): not, without
ob- / op- (obstacle): against, facing, toward
omni- (omniscient): all, every
pan- (pandemic): all, entire, whole
para- (parallel): beside, beyond, abnormal
per- (permeate): through, thoroughly
peri- (perimeter): around, about, near
poly- (polygon): many, several
post- (postpone): after, behind
pre- (predict): before, in advance
pro- (progress): forward, before, in favor of
re- (return): again, back
retro- (retroactive): backward, behind
sub- (submarine): under, below, secondary
super- / supra- (super
human): above, over, beyond
syn- / sym- (symmetry): together, with, same
trans- (transport): across, beyond, through
Roots
anthrop (misanthrope): human, mankind
bell / belli (belligerent): war, fight
bene / bon (benefactor): good, well
bio (biology): life, living
cap / cip / capt (capture): take, seize, hold
carn (carnivore): flesh, meat
chron (chronology): time
cid / cis (incision): cut, kill
clam / claim (exclaim): shout, cry out
cogn / gno (recognize): know, learn
corp (corpse): body
cred (credible): believe, trust
culp (culprit): blame, fault
dem / demo (democracy): people, population
dic / dict (dictate): say, speak, tell
duc / duct (conduct): lead, pull, bring
fac / fec / fic (factory): make, do
fer (transfer): carry, bear, bring
fid (fidelity): faith, trust
flu / flux (fluid): flow
fract / frag (fracture): break, shatter
gen / gener (generate): birth, produce, kind
grad / gress (progress): step, walk, go
graph / gram (autograph): write, draw, record
jur / jud / jus (jury): law, right, justice
loqu / locut (loquacious): speak, talk
luc / lum (illuminate): light, clear
magn (magnify): great, large
mal (malevolent): bad, evil, ill
man / manu (manual): hand
mit / miss (transmit): send, let go
mort / mor (mortal): death
mut (mutation): change, alter
nom / nym (pseudonym): name, word
path / patho (sympathy): feeling, suffering, disease
ped / pod (pedestrian): foot
phil (philosophy): love, affinity for
plac / plais (placate): please, calm, soothe
port (portable): carry, move
scrib / script (scribble): write, record
sec / sect (dissect): cut, divide
sent / sens (sensitive): feel, perceive, think
spec / spic / spect (inspect): look, see, watch
tact / tang / tag (tangible): touch
ten / tin / tent (retention): hold, keep
tract (attract): drag, pull, draw
ven / vent (convene): come, arrive
ver / veri (verify): truth, true
vid / vis (visible): see, look
voc / vok (vocal): voice, call
Suffixes
-able / -ible (portable): capable of, worthy of
-ac (cardiac): pertaining to, affected by
-acious (audacious): full of, inclined to
-acity (tenacity): quality of being, state of
-age (drainage): action, process, outcome, collection
-al (mortal): relating to, characterized by
-an / -ian (musician): belonging to, one skilled in
-ance / -ence (patience): state, quality, or act of
-ant / -ent (student): performing, being, one who does
-ar / -ary (solar): relating to, resembling, connected with
-ate (activate): to make, cause, or become
-ation / -ition (creation): action, process, or result
-cide (pesticide): killer, act of killing
-cracy (democracy): rule, government by
-crat (aristocrat): ruler, member of a ruling class
-dom (freedom): state of being, realm, domain
-ee (employee): one who receives or is affected by an action
-eer (engineer): person who engages in or manages
-en (brighten): to make, become, or cause to be
-er / -or (teacher): person or thing that performs an action
-ful (careful): full of, characterized by
-fy / -ify (purify): to make, cause to become
-hood (neighborhood): state, condition, or character of
-ic / -ical (heroic): relating to, having the nature of
-id (humid): having the quality of, inclined to
-ile (fragile): capable of, tending to, suited for
-ine (canine): relating to, resembling, like
-ion / -tion / -sion (tension): act, process, or condition
-ish (childish): having the quality of, somewhat, near
-ism (realism): doctrine, practice, system, or condition
-ist (artist): one who practices, professes, or believes
-itis (bronchitis): inflammation, disease
-ity / -ty (clarity): state, quality, or degree of
-ive (creative): tending to, having the nature of
-ize / -ise (standardize): to make, become, or conform to
-less (hopeless): without, lacking
-logy / -ology (geology): study of, science of, discourse
-ly (quickly): in the manner of, resembling
-ment (movement): result, action, or means of an action
-ness (darkness): state, quality, or condition of being
-oid (humanoid): resembling, like, having the shape of
-oma (carcinoma): tumor, abnormal growth
-or (inventor): one who does, state or condition
-ory (dormitory): relating to, serving for, place for
-ose / -ous (poisonous): full of, characterized by, having
-phobia (claustrophobia): irrational fear, hatred, or dread
-ship (friendship): condition, status, skill, or office
-some (troublesome): tending to cause, characterized by
-tude (gratitude): state, condition, or quality
-ward / -wards (backward): in the direction of, toward
Base Words
act (reaction): to do, perform, or move
agree (disagreement): to have the same opinion or consent
appear (disappearance): to become visible or come into sight
care (carelessness): serious attention, concern, or caution
clear (clarify): easy to perceive, free from darkness or doubt
comfort (uncomfortable): a state of ease, relief, or satisfaction
count (countless): to determine the total number of items
courage (encourage): bravery or strength in the face of fear
create (creativity): to bring something into existence
danger (endanger): liability or exposure to harm or injury
decide (indecisive): to settle or make up one's mind
depend (independent): to rely on or be determined by
direct (direction): to guide, manage, or point straight
doubt (doubtful): a feeling of uncertainty or lack of conviction
employ (unemployment): to give work to someone for payment
equal (inequality): the same in quantity, size, or value
faith (faithful): complete trust, confidence, or belief
fear (fearless): an unpleasant emotion caused by threat of danger
fit (unfitness): suitable, proper, or in good physical shape
form (transformation): the visible shape, structure, or arrangement
friend (friendship): a person attached to another by affection
govern (government): to rule, control, or exercise authority over
grace (disgraceful): elegance, beauty, or goodwill
harm (harmless): physical injury or moral damage
heal (unhealed): to make healthy, whole, or sound again
help (unhelpful): to give assistance, aid, or support
hope (hopeless): a feeling of expectation and desire for something
joy (joyful): a feeling of great pleasure and happiness
judge (judgmental): to form an opinion or deliver a legal verdict
just (unjust): morally right, fair, or proper
kind (unkindness): having a friendly, generous, or warm nature
lead (misleading): to guide, conduct, or direct the course of
like (unlikable): having the same characteristics, or to enjoy
live (liveliness): to remain alive, exist, or have vitality
lock (unlockable): to fasten or secure with a mechanism
manage (mismanagement): to be in charge of, run, or handle
measure (measurable): to ascertain the extent, size, or degree of
obey (disobedient): to follow commands, rules, or wishes
order (disorderly): an arrangement, command, or tidy sequence
pain (painless): physical suffering or emotional distress
patient (impatience): able to endure delay or trouble calmly
peace (peaceful): freedom from disturbance, hostility, or war
please (unpleasant): to give satisfaction, pleasure, or delight
pure (impurity): free from anything that pollutes or contaminates
real (unrealistic): actually existing or true to life
sense (senseless): a faculty of perception, or practical wisdom
trust (mistrust): firm belief in the reliability or truth of someone
use (misuse): to employ or put into service for a purpose
value (invaluable): the regard that something is held to deserve
view (preview): to see, watch, or inspect with the eyes