HESI FLASHCARDS

Final HESI STUDY GUIDE (Original copy)

1. Patient with warfarin should use an electric razor to shave.

If a UAP exposes a client's back and buttocks, the nurse should do the following:

• Arrange the incident from first to last (i.e., cover the client, discuss the violation with the UAP, evaluate the UAP for improvement, and report the UAP if the pattern continues).

  2. A patient with subdural hematoma should be evaluated for signs and symptoms of increased ICP (intracranial pressure) after craniotomy surgery.
  3. To establish autonomy for the mother teaching a toddler, the mother should allow the child to explore the environment.
  4. Overprotective mothers can hinder the establishment of autonomy in toddlers and may lead to feelings of shame and doubt in the child.
  5. Infants who are not properly cared for may grow up with a sense of mistrust.
  6. Elderly volunteers in hospitals should be treated with dignity and respect to ensure their sense of integrity.
  7. Elderly individuals who are alone may experience feelings of despair.
  8. If a client turns away when asked about sexuality, this may be a normal cultural reaction. The nurse should change the topic.
  9. For a patient with high levels of anxiety, it is important to frequently assess their neuro vitals and level of consciousness, especially if they are a financial investor who experiences high levels of stress.

1. For patients with hyperkalemia, it is important to monitor them with EKG monitoring due to the link between potassium and the heart.
2. When a patient exhibits oliguria (low urine output) due to fluid overload, it is important to monitor their urine output daily.
3. The highest incidence of scoliosis occurs in girls between the ages of 8 and 14.
4. If a schizophrenic patient is experiencing hallucinations, the nurse should find out the content of the hallucination.
5. When a child is born with Mongolian spots, it is important to document the size and location of the spots.
6. If you see a nurse pouring a sterile solution and the bottle touches the bowl, it is no longer sterile.
7. When assessing a child for adenoid enlargement, listen for noisy breathing.
8. To evaluate subduction and clear breath sounds, use a spreader device.
9. To evaluate the effectiveness of suctioning, conduct a test.
10. When measuring oxygen saturation, aim for improvement.
11. When bringing a wheelchair to a patient's bed, place it at the head of the bed facing the foot.
12. Dementia patients may become agitated at night and prefer to have a night light left on.
13. Patients with low platelet count should have rails added before turning in bed.
14. A huge drop in hemoglobin after surgery may indicate massive blood loss occurred during the surgery.
15. After starting chemotherapy, if a patient experiences fatigue, weakness, and dizziness lab work should be done to check for anemia, such as ABC (RBC, HG, HCT).
16. A strict vegan patient may require vitamin B12 injections or sublingual supplements.
17. Patients with gout may be prescribed allopurinol, a medication to lower uric acid levels.
18. A teenager who overdoses and has atrial fibrillation from a medication requires the nurse to check heart rate and regularity.
19. Going into rehab is considered the third level of preventive care, which deals with consequences.
20. If you accidentally touch a patient's groin while inserting a catheter, the catheter is no longer sterile and should be replaced.
21. To stop a nosebleed in a child, have them lean forward and press on their nose for 10 minutes.
22. A red and warm IV site may indicate phlebitis, inflammation of the veins.
23. Homeless patients with AIDS should be checked for TB with a 5mm positive result, while other individuals require a 15mm positive result.
24. Patients with a white transient ischemic attack are at high risk for injury and require close monitoring.
25. Patients at risk for hypovolemia should have their vomit and urine output measured.
26. After removing a catheter, if the patient is voiding small amounts, insert another catheter to measure the residual.
27. Patients with Huntington's disease require emotional and psychological support for both themselves and their families.
28. The next drug of choice for increased ICP is mannitol.
29. If a patient received mandatory medication, nurses should check urine output and electrolyte levels.
30. Dicyclomine, which is used to treat muscle spasms, has anticholinergic side effects such as dry mouth, which require extra oral care.
31. When transferring a patient, the gait belt should go on the stronger side of the body to provide optimal support.
32. Children should not completely close their nose when blowing it to reduce their risk of developing otitis.
33. After removing a catheter, if the patient is voiding small amounts, the nurse should insert another catheter and measure the residual to evaluate whether a catheter should be reinserted.
34. Patients with Huntington's disease require emotional and psychological support for both themselves and their families.
35. Mannitol is the next drug of choice for increased ICP.
36. If a patient received mandatory medication, nurses should check urine output and electrolyte levels.
37. Dicyclomine, used to treat muscle spasms, has anticholinergic side effects such as dry mouth, which require extra oral care.
38. When transferring patients, the gait belt should go on the stronger side of the body to provide optimal support.
39. When blowing their nose, children should not close it completely to reduce the risk of otitis.
40. Patients at risk for hypovolemia should have their vomit and urine output measured.
41. After removing a catheter, if the patient is voiding small amounts, the nurse should insert another catheter and measure the residual to evaluate whether a catheter should be reinserted.
42. Patients with Huntington's disease require emotional and psychological support for both themselves and their families.
43. Mannitol is the next drug of choice for increased ICP.
44. If a patient received mandatory medication, nurses should check urine output and electrolyte levels.
45. Dicyclomine, used to treat muscle spasms, has anticholinergic side effects such as dry mouth, which require extra oral care.
46. When transferring patients, the gait belt should go on the stronger side of the body to provide optimal support.
47. When blowing their nose, children should not close it completely to reduce the risk of otitis.
48. Patients with dementia may become agitated at night and require a night light to make them feel more secure.
49. In patients with gout, allopurinol is commonly prescribed to lower uric acid levels.
50. Homeless patients with AIDS should be checked for TB with a 5mm positive result, while other individuals require a 15mm positive result.
51. When a patient declines foot flexion with a compression device, teach them about foot flexion to promote better circulation.
52. Trazodone is an antidepressant that is also good for sleep disorders and may be beneficial for elderly patients.
53. Moist wound dressing has several benefits, including promoting healing and preventing infection.
54. TPN is administered through a chest vein near the heart.
55. Left-side neglect in stroke patients is caused by damage to the right side of the brain, and patients may neglect objects on their left side.
56. If a patient's urine becomes darker after hepatitis, increasing fluid intake is an intervention to consider.
57. Colchicine is given to gout patients to relieve joint pain and improve walking ability.
58. If contractions are happening every seven minutes, instruct the woman to stay at home until they get closer.
59. A fingerstick glucose reading of 55 in a patient who had milk and crackers may indicate hypoglycemia.
60. If a new mother notices her baby's head looks swollen across the suture line, she should be reassured that this is not a problem and will disappear by itself; this is known as caput succedaneum.
61. Monitoring urine output is a top priority for patients with full-thickness burns over 30% of their body.
62. Third-degree burns involve the loss of many layers of skin and may pose a risk for infection.
63. Elderly patients with incontinence require extra skin care, as urine can break down their skin and cause harm.
64. If a patient's level of consciousness drops from 98 in the morning to 54 at noon, determining the change in level of consciousness is crucial for proper care.
65. After birth, providing heat loss prevention and drying the baby should be an immediate high priority.
66. If a patient has numbness and tingling of the fingers, it is important to review their electrolyte levels.
67. When obtaining blood pressure, locate the brachial artery, feel for the brachial pulse, and place the stethoscope above it to listen for blood flow. The diamond-shaped area is called the antecubital fossa.
68. Patients with hypothyroidism who experience muscle cramps and dry, flushed skin are experiencing an exacerbation of their condition.
69. Insomnia is a common symptom of hypothyroidism.
70. If a patient taking antipsychotic medication calls the clinic with a high temperature and muscle stiffness, 911 should be called immediately.
71. An infant with a heart rate of 120 and a prescription for digoxin should receive the medication, as a heart rate above 120 is considered normal for infants.
72. To determine if a patient's circulation is okay with Bucks traction, check for warmth in the leg and a pulse.
73. Patients in low post-op level three should include dried fruits in their diet, such as dry apricots.
74. It is important not to touch the bed or be on the floor during a seismic event.
75. If a patient has a head injury and there is no suspicion of spinal injury, allow them to be in a slightly elevated position and close the door to their room.
76. Patients with type 2 diabetes should report any foot injury that does not heal quickly, as this can lead to further complications such as infections.
77. Patients with meningitis are at risk for increased cranial pressure.
78. Hand hygiene is an important measure for preventing Hepatitis A.
79. Patients with Hepatitis A should receive primary bed rest.
80. When a pin goes into the bone, there is a higher risk for infection, so nurses should assess this area for signs of infection, like redness and swelling.
81. When checking for circulation, assess the patient's foot.
82. Offering activity above the head, like trapeze exercises, can promote mobility and recovery in patients.
83. Maintaining a straight body position is important in preventing complications during patient transfers.
84. After radiation therapy, frequent assessments of skin integrity are necessary to detect potential radiation burns.
85. Cancer patients with excessive fatigue may require extra rest periods and sleep time.
86. Patients with psoriasis should avoid emotional stress, as it can weaken the immune system and exacerbate symptoms.
87. When a patient is on Accutane for acne, it is important to ask about contraceptive use and possible pregnancy.
88. Patients who drink a lot of milk to calm their stomach should be assessed for gallstones, as too much fat in the diet can contribute to their formation.
89. Sudden high fever and severe abdominal pain in patients with appendicitis may indicate that the appendix has ruptured and requires emergency treatment.
90. If a patient can only swallow small bites, the nurse should inquire about their history of alcohol and tobacco use, as well as any history of cancer.
    100. Patients being discharged after hip replacement surgery will need a raised toilet seat.
    101. Non-productive cough after hospital admission should be reported to the charge nurse.
    102. When catheterizing a patient, roll them onto their back and observe the appearance of their urine.
    103. The highest risk time for suicide in patients with depression is during a period of waiting or feeling hopeless.
    104. When a client suddenly shows signs of improvement, continue to monitor their progress closely.
    105. For hemorrhoid assessment, patients should be placed in the left lateral position.
    106. To assess good nutrition in young patients, check the hair, skin, and nails. Healthy and vibrant appearance indicates good nutrition, while dull or brittle appearance can indicate poor nutrition.
    107. If a native American patient brings cultural items to the hospital room and the doctor wants them removed, the nurse should advocate for the client's preferences.
    108. If a patient expresses that they will not take their prescribed blood pressure medication, the nurse should explain the potential risks associated with the use of alternate herbs.
    109. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, serving the community is a self-actualizing activity for adults.
    110. If gonorrhea is not treated, it can eventually lead to pelvic inflammatory disease.
    111. When collecting a clean catch of urine, first clean the external urethral meatus and then initiate urination before collecting the sample.
    112. Complementary methods, such as breathing and stretching exercises, are useful for managing pain after morphine has been administered.
    113. If a patient's urine looks cloudy, check their white blood cell count to monitor for potential infection.
    114. After needling, clean the area with soap and water to prevent infection.
    115. After delivery, check for bladder distension before the formation of the uterus.
    116. When entering the room of a patient with COVID-19, make sure to wear a mask.
    117. Elderly patients with multiple diseases are at risk of polypharmacy when using herbs or medications.
    118. During a seismic event, it is important not to touch the bed or floor and to leave any objects that may cause injury if they move.
    119. Patients in low post-op level three should include slow-digesting foods in their diet, such as dried apricots.
    120. Patients with type 2 diabetes should report any foot injuries that do not heal quickly, as this can lead to further complications such as infections.
    121. Patients with meningitis are at risk for increased cranial pressure.
    122. Good hand hygiene is important for preventing the spread of Hepatitis A.
    123. Patients with Hepatitis should receive primary bed rest.
    124. Constant traction is not the same as Bucks traction; they are two different types of traction used for different purposes.