Pe

6 synovial joints:

  • Hinge (elbow)

  • Saddle (bottom of thumb)

  • Plane/gliding (between metacarpal joints of thumb)

  • Pivot (neck)

  • Ellipsoid/condyloid (wrist)

  • Ball and socket (hip)

Structure:

  • Articular cartilage

  • Synovial membrane

  • Joint cavity

  • Ligaments

  • Tendons

  • Bursa

Ligament- connects bone to bone

Tendon- Muscle to bone

Newtons Laws

  • 1st law, objects remain still or in motion unless acted upon

  • 2nd law, the force which acts on an object is proportional to its effect

  • 3rd Law, every option has an opposite and equal reaction

Centripetal force - a force directed towards the centre of a rotating body (figure skating)

Centrifugal force - a force directly away from the centre of rotating body (Hammer throw)

The DST triangle = d=s*t

Acceleration = change in velocity/time

Momentum = mass * velocity

Momentum is the quantity of motion the body processes

Functions of skeletal system - protection, movement, support, cell production, mineral storage

Rotation - when a bone moves around its longnitude axis - creating a twist

Circumduction - When a bone moves in a cone shape

Aerobic training = more frequent 4-5 times a week as less rest between training is required, more optimal heart rate is 70-80% of max heart rate

Anaerobic = less frequent 2-3 times per week, requires more rest time, optimal heart rate is 80-100%

Resting breath rate = 12-15 per minute

max heart rate =220-age