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Perfect Baby

  • Definition: Ethical concerns around using genetic technology to create children with selected traits.

Bioethics

  • Definition: Study of moral issues in biology, medicine, and healthcare.

Autonomy

  • Definition: Right of individuals to make informed decisions about their own care.

Justice

  • Definition: Fair distribution of healthcare resources and treatment.

Nonmaleficence

  • Definition: Ethical principle to avoid causing harm.

Beneficence

  • Definition: Ethical duty to promote good and prevent harm.

Gene Editing

  • Definition: Technique to change DNA sequences within genes.

CRISPR

  • Definition: Tool for precise gene editing using bacterial enzymes.

Climate Change

  • Definition: Long-term shifts in temperature/weather patterns due to natural and human causes.

Carbon Dioxide

  • Definition: A greenhouse gas that traps heat in the atmosphere.

Greenhouse Gas

  • Definition: Gas that traps heat in Earth's atmosphere (e.g., CO2, methane).

Major Contributors to Human-Caused Climate Change

  • Definition: Energy, industry, food production, deforestation.

Generating Power

  • Definition: Often uses fossil fuels that emit CO2.

Manufacturing Goods

  • Definition: Industrial processes that emit greenhouse gases.

Deforestation

  • Definition: Reduces CO2 absorption and disrupts ecosystems.

Producing Food

  • Definition: Agriculture releases methane and drives deforestation.

Powering Buildings

  • Definition: Uses energy, often from fossil fuels.

Overconsumption

  • Definition: Excessive resource use increasing environmental impact.

Stem Cells

  • Definition: Undifferentiated cells that can become specialized cell types.

Pluripotent/Totipotent Stem Cells

  • Definition:
    • Totipotent: Can become any cell type + placenta.
    • Pluripotent: Can become any body cell.

Multipotent Stem Cells

  • Definition: Can develop into a limited range of related cell types.

Embryonic Stem Cells

  • Definition: Pluripotent cells from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst.

Adult Stem Cells

  • Definition: Multipotent cells in adult tissues for repair.

In-vitro Fertilization

  • Definition: Fertilization of an egg outside the body.

Blastocysts

  • Definition: Early-stage embryo formed 5-6 days post-fertilization.

Outer Cells (Trophoblasts)

  • Definition: Form the placenta.

Inner Cells

  • Definition: Form the embryo and are the source of embryonic stem cells.

Hematopoietic Stem Cells

  • Definition: Stem cells that form blood cells.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

  • Definition: Stem cells that can form bone, fat, cartilage.

Neural Stem Cells

  • Definition: Form neurons and brain/spinal cord cells.

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs)

  • Definition: Adult cells reprogrammed to act like pluripotent stem cells.

Ebola Virus

  • Definition: Virus causing severe bleeding and organ failure.

Ebola Virus Disease

  • Definition: Serious illness spread by contact with infected fluids.

Mary Mallon

  • Definition: Asymptomatic carrier of typhoid fever (known as 'Typhoid Mary').

Typhoid Fever

  • Definition: Illness caused by Salmonella typhi, spreads via food/water.

Salmonella Typhi

  • Definition: Bacteria causing typhoid fever.

Asymptomatic Carrier

  • Definition: Person who spreads disease without showing symptoms.

Quarantine

  • Definition: Isolation to prevent disease spread.

Quarantine Protocols

  • Definition: Guidelines for managing and containing exposure to disease.