Oral Communication 2.1

Types of Speech According to Purpose

1. Informative Speech:

Purpose: To educate, enlighten, or instruct the audience on a specific topic.

Characteristics:

· Emphasis on providing information.

· Clear organization and structure.

· Objective and unbiased presentation.

Example: A speech on climate change, detailing its causes, effects, and potential solutions.

2. Persuasive Speech:

Purpose: To convince or influence the audience to adopt a particular viewpoint or take action.

Characteristics:

· Strong use of evidence and reasoning.

· Appeals to emotions and logic.

· Clearly stated call-to-action.

Example: A speech advocating for stricter environmental policies to combat pollution.

3. Entertaining Speech:

Purpose: To amuse, entertain, or engage the audience.

Characteristics:

· Humor, anecdotes, or storytelling elements.

· Captivating and enjoyable content.

· May include elements of surprise or suspense.

Example: A humorous speech at a social event, sharing funny personal experiences.

4. Demonstrative Speech:

Purpose: To show or explain a process, concept, or product to the audience.

Characteristics:

· Use of visual aids (charts, graphs, props).

· Step-by-step explanations.

· Focus on clarity and audience comprehension.

Example: A cooking demonstration illustrating the steps to prepare a popular dish.

Types of Speech According to Delivery

1. Impromptu Speech:

Delivery: Spoken or presented without prior preparation or rehearsal.

Characteristics:

· Quick thinking and improvisation.

· Relies on speaker's knowledge and experience.

· Often short and concise.

Example: Answering unexpected questions during a Q&A session.

2. Extemporaneous Speech:

Delivery: Prepared and practiced in advance, but not memorized word-for-word.

Characteristics:

· Flexibility in adapting to the audience.

· Natural and conversational tone.

· Allows for spontaneity and audience interaction.

Example: A business presentation discussing quarterly results with a Q&A portion.

3. Manuscript Speech:

Delivery: Written out and read verbatim from a script or manuscript.

Characteristics:

· Precision in wording and phrasing.

· Useful for formal or ceremonial speeches.

· Limits spontaneity but ensures accuracy.

Example: Presidential addresses or formal announcements.

4. Memorized Speech:

Delivery: Entire speech committed to memory and presented without reference to notes.

Characteristics:

· Requires thorough memorization and rehearsal.

· Offers a polished and well-rehearsed delivery.

· Risk of sounding rehearsed or less spontaneous.

Example: Reciting a poem or delivering a toast at a special event.