positive psychology & positive criminology lecture

Introduction

• Discussion of assigned reading: "Positive Psychology and Positive Similarities and Differences"

• Focus on criminology's traditional emphasis on why people misbehave vs. why people behave well.

The Argument for Positive Criminology

• "The Restorative Prison" argues that criminology has focused too much on negative behaviors.

• The need for a strengths-based approach to behavior modification is highlighted.

• Positive criminology shifts focus from punishment for bad behavior to rewarding good behavior.

• Control theory supports the idea that positive reinforcement is more effective than punishment.

  • Evidence from offenders who succeed post-incarceration indicates that personal positive changes (family, jobs, spirituality) drive desistance from crime, not fear of punishment.

Foundational Theorists

• Marty Seligman: Coined "positive psychology"; advocates for focusing on strengths rather than weaknesses.

• Examples of positive psychologists: Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers.

  • Carl Rogers' principle of unconditional positive regard emphasizes respect and kindness, regardless of past behavior.

Positive vs. Negative Psychology

• Traditional psychology focuses on dysfunction: mental illness, suffering, stress.

• Positive psychology examines human strengths: gratitude, forgiveness, hope, humor to improve mental health.

• Importance of a balanced approach: A surplus of positivity—similar to maintaining a healthy financial account—contributes to overall well-being.

Consequences of Negativity

• Chronic negativity leads to psychological issues, including PTSD and anxiety.

• Focusing solely on negative aspects of behavior leads to high recidivism rates in prisons.

• Positive criminology seeks to understand thriving individuals rather than merely focusing on misbehavior.

Faith-Based and Strengths-Based Programs

• Effective prison programs focus on uplifting individuals, providing hope and motivation.

• Rehabilitation should not be punitive; rather, it should aim to rebuild and uplift individuals.

The Concept of the Wounded Healer

• Many traditions emphasize that everyone endures wounds and setbacks.

• Resilience and the ability to bounce back from adversity are key skills in life.

Practical Application in Education

• Encouragement for students to take responsibility for their learning process.

• Openness of quizzes allows for flexibility, but requires students to engage actively with the material.

Conclusion

• A reminder to the students to engage with the material and explore the concepts of positive criminology and psychology thoroughly.