research design

Research Design Overview

• Introduction: Research design is the blueprint for research, ensuring systematic data collection for hypothesis testing.

• Key Features: Organization, coherence, and clarity are vital.

Definitions of Research Design

• Selltiz et al. (1962): Arrangement of conditions for relevant data collection and analysis.

• Kerlinger (1986): Comprehensive plan from drafting hypotheses to data analysis.

Research Approach vs. Design

• Research Approach: Plan for investigating a phenomenon (structured/unstructured).

• Research Design: Governs the planning, implementation, and analysis.

Characteristics of Research Design

• Detailed specifics, clear research problem, time/cost considerations, and data collection procedures.

Research Design Steps

• Determine goals, identify audience, define populations, decide temporal orientation (cross-sectional vs. longitudinal).

Types of Research Design

• Covers experimental, quasi-experimental, and observational designs, and their aptness based on research questions.

Data Collection Methods

• Techniques: participant observation, interviews, focus groups, document analysis.

Sampling Procedures

• Includes purposive, quota, and convenience sampling strategies.

Important Concepts

• Definitions of dependent/independent variables, extraneous variables, and confounded relationships clarify research framework.