Storage Units and Binary numbers

Binary Numbers


Units

When calculating storage space for disk drives, it is common to use multiples of 1,000. These are shown in the table below as kilobytes, megabytes etc.

Four bits or half a byte is known as a nibble.


Complete the following table:


Name 

Prefix 

Number of bytes

Kilo

KB

1000

Mega

MB

10000

Giga 

GB

100000

Tera 

TB

1000000


Binary Number System

Explain what is meant by data.


What is the difference between analogue and digital data?

Data - the number of  symbols or alphanumeric characters in their raw format before processing.


Analogue - This is the smooth stream of data thar our senses process on a daily basis, such as a sound wave.


Digital - data represented in the the values of 1 and 0 that computer can process


Number systems - Binary represents data

What are computers made up of?

A computer is made up of billions of switches, each with 2 possible states ON and OFF. Represented as 1 (ON) or 0 (OFF), This is known as a binary

What are the two possible states of a binary digit?


A binary digit is known as a bit. A bit is the smallest unit of data a computer can use. Eight bits are known as a byte

How many bits are in one byte?


A byte can be used a to represent a character e.g a letter, a number or a symbol. It can also be used to hold up a string of bits that can be used to build an image

What term is used to describe half a byte?


How many bytes are contained within 1 megabyte?


All data is represent as binary digits, wetherits numbers,text,images or sound. Calculations are also made in binary.


How many megabytes in a gigabyte?


1000


Why do computers use binary to represent numbers, text, images, sound and video?


Binary is easier for computers to process, and it also takes up less space.

Because all data is binary and made up of zeros and ones.

{Write your answers here in full sentences}


Binary and denary systems

Explain the term binary and denary, include base numbers in your answer.


8-bits is used to represent a binary value, what is the lowest and highest number that can be represented?

Humans tend to use the decimal/denary number system, which counts in multiples of 10s,100s,1000s etc.

The denary system has 10 digits; 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 Denary is known as a base 10 number system.


The binary number system is a base 2 system. It is based on the number 2. Only 2 values. (1,0) can be used to represent all values.


However computers work in binary. Denary numbers must be converted into their binary equivalent before is computer can use them



128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

1

1

0

1

1

1

1

0

Binary conversion table 


Converting from binary to denary

Using the above table, convert the following binary numbers to denary. First one has been completed for you:

  1. 00001111 Answer: 15

  2. 00010001 Answer:17

  3. 00010011 Answer:19

  4. 10000001 Answer:129

  5. 10000011 Answer:131

  6. 10001000 Answer:136

  7. 10001011 Answer:139

  8. 10001111 Answer:147


  1. 00110011 Answer:51


  1. 11101110 Answer: 206


  1. 0011 1110 0111 Answer: 999


  1. 0101 0101 0100 Answer: 1364


  1. 0111 1100 1111 0000 Answer: 31752


  1. 0011 1111 0000 1101 Answer:  16 137


  1. 0111 1111 1111 1111 Answer: 32621


Converting from denary to binary

Convert the following denary numbers to binary. Show all eight bits of the byte. First one has been completed for you:

  1. 9 Answer: 00001001


  1. 20 Answer: 00010100


  1. 66 Answer: 01000010


  1. 163 Answer: 10100011


  1. 161 Answer: 10100001


  1. 33 Answer: 00100001


  1. 7 Answer: 00000111


  1. 254 Answer: 111111110


  1. 12 Answer: 00001100


  1. 100 Answer:           01110100


  1. 888 Answer:1101111000


  1. 16400 Answer:100000000010000


  1. 62307 Answer:1111001101100011


  1. 33000 Answer: 1000000011101000


  1. 12345 Answer:11000000111001