origin and insertion
Gluteus Maximus | Ilium, sacrum, and coccyx | Gluteal tuberosity of femur and iliotibial tract | Extends and laterally rotates hip | |
2 | Gluteus Medius | Outer surface of ilium | Greater trochanter of femur | Abducts and medially rotates hip |
3 | Gluteus Minimus | Outer surface of ilium | Greater trochanter of femur | Abducts and medially rotates hip |
4 | Tensor Fasciae Latae | Iliac crest | Iliotibial tract | Abducts, medially rotates, and flexes hip |
5 | Sartorius | Anterior superior iliac spine | Medial surface of proximal tibia | Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates hip; flexes knee |
6 | Rectus Femoris | Anterior inferior iliac spine and superior acetabulum | Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament | Extends knee, flexes hip |
7 | Vastus Lateralis | Greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur | Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament | Extends knee |
8 | Vastus Medialis | Linea aspera of femur | Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament | Extends knee |
9 | Vastus Intermedius | Anterior and lateral surfaces of femur | Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament | Extends knee |
10 | Biceps Femoris | Long head: Ischial tuberosity | Head of fibula | Flexes knee, extends and laterally rotates hip |
Short head: Linea aspera of femur | ||||
11 | Semitendinosus | Ischial tuberosity | Medial surface of proximal tibia | Flexes knee, extends and medially rotates hip |
12 | Semimembranosus | Ischial tuberosity | Medial condyle of tibia | Flexes knee, extends and medially rotates hip |
13 | Adductor Longus | Pubis | Linea aspera of femur | Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates hip |
14 | Adductor Brevis | Inferior pubic ramus | Linea aspera of femur | Adducts and flexes hip |
15 | Adductor Magnus | Ischial tuberosity and inferior pubic ramus | Linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur | Adducts, flexes, extends, and medially rotates hip |
16 | Gracilis | Inferior pubic ramus | Medial surface of proximal tibia | Adducts hip, flexes knee |
17 | Pectineus | Superior pubic ramus | Pectineal line of femur | Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates hip |
18 | Tibialis AnteriorĀ | Lateral condyle and upper lateral surface of tibia | Medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal | Dorsiflexes and inverts foot |
19 | Extensor Digitorum LongusĀ | Lateral condyle of tibia and anterior fibula | Middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5 | Extends toes, dorsiflexes foot |
20 | Extensor Hallucis LongusĀ | Anterior surface of fibula | Distal phalanx of big toe | Extends big toe, dorsiflexes foot |
21 | Fibularis (Peroneus) Longus | Head and upper lateral surface of fibula | Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform | Everts and plantarflexes foot |
22 | Fibularis (Peroneus) Brevis | Lower lateral surface of fibula | Base of fifth metatarsal | Everts and plantarflexes foot |
23 | Gastrocnemius | Medial and lateral condyles of femur | Calcaneus via Achilles tendon | Plantarflexes foot, flexes knee |
24 | Soleus | Upper posterior surfaces of tibia and fibula | Calcaneus via Achilles tendon | Plantarflexes foot |
25 | Plantaris | Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur | Calcaneus via Achilles tendon | Assists in plantarflexion of foot and knee flexion |
26 | Popliteus | Lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus | Proximal posterior tibia | Flexes and medially rotates knee |
27 | Flexor Digitorum Longus (Dick) | Posterior surface of tibia | Distal phalanges of toes 2-5 | Flexes toes, plantarflexes foot |
28 | Flexor Hallucis Longus (Harry) | Posterior surface of fibula | Distal phalanx of big toe | Flexes big toe, plantarflexes foot |
29 | Tibialis Posterior (Tom) | Posterior surfaces of tibia and fibula | Navicular, cuneiforms, and bases of metatarsals 2-4 | Plantarflexes and inverts foot |
Gluteus Maximus | Ilium, sacrum, and coccyx | Gluteal tuberosity of femur and iliotibial tract | Extends and laterally rotates hip | |
2 | Gluteus Medius | Outer surface of ilium | Greater trochanter of femur | Abducts and medially rotates hip |
3 | Gluteus Minimus | Outer surface of ilium | Greater trochanter of femur | Abducts and medially rotates hip |
4 | Tensor Fasciae Latae | Iliac crest | Iliotibial tract | Abducts, medially rotates, and flexes hip |
5 | Sartorius | Anterior superior iliac spine | Medial surface of proximal tibia | Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates hip; flexes knee |
6 | Rectus Femoris | Anterior inferior iliac spine and superior acetabulum | Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament | Extends knee, flexes hip |
7 | Vastus Lateralis | Greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur | Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament | Extends knee |
8 | Vastus Medialis | Linea aspera of femur | Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament | Extends knee |
9 | Vastus Intermedius | Anterior and lateral surfaces of femur | Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament | Extends knee |
10 | Biceps Femoris | Long head: Ischial tuberosity | Head of fibula | Flexes knee, extends and laterally rotates hip |
Short head: Linea aspera of femur | ||||
11 | Semitendinosus | Ischial tuberosity | Medial surface of proximal tibia | Flexes knee, extends and medially rotates hip |
12 | Semimembranosus | Ischial tuberosity | Medial condyle of tibia | Flexes knee, extends and medially rotates hip |
13 | Adductor Longus | Pubis | Linea aspera of femur | Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates hip |
14 | Adductor Brevis | Inferior pubic ramus | Linea aspera of femur | Adducts and flexes hip |
15 | Adductor Magnus | Ischial tuberosity and inferior pubic ramus | Linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur | Adducts, flexes, extends, and medially rotates hip |
16 | Gracilis | Inferior pubic ramus | Medial surface of proximal tibia | Adducts hip, flexes knee |
17 | Pectineus | Superior pubic ramus | Pectineal line of femur | Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates hip |
18 | Tibialis AnteriorĀ | Lateral condyle and upper lateral surface of tibia | Medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal | Dorsiflexes and inverts foot |
19 | Extensor Digitorum LongusĀ | Lateral condyle of tibia and anterior fibula | Middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5 | Extends toes, dorsiflexes foot |
20 | Extensor Hallucis LongusĀ | Anterior surface of fibula | Distal phalanx of big toe | Extends big toe, dorsiflexes foot |
21 | Fibularis (Peroneus) Longus | Head and upper lateral surface of fibula | Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform | Everts and plantarflexes foot |
22 | Fibularis (Peroneus) Brevis | Lower lateral surface of fibula | Base of fifth metatarsal | Everts and plantarflexes foot |
23 | Gastrocnemius | Medial and lateral condyles of femur | Calcaneus via Achilles tendon | Plantarflexes foot, flexes knee |
24 | Soleus | Upper posterior surfaces of tibia and fibula | Calcaneus via Achilles tendon | Plantarflexes foot |
25 | Plantaris | Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur | Calcaneus via Achilles tendon | Assists in plantarflexion of foot and knee flexion |
26 | Popliteus | Lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus | Proximal posterior tibia | Flexes and medially rotates knee |
27 | Flexor Digitorum Longus (Dick) | Posterior surface of tibia | Distal phalanges of toes 2-5 | Flexes toes, plantarflexes foot |
28 | Flexor Hallucis Longus (Harry) | Posterior surface of fibula | Distal phalanx of big toe | Flexes big toe, plantarflexes foot |
29 | Tibialis Posterior (Tom) | Posterior surfaces of tibia and fibula | Navicular, cuneiforms, and bases of metatarsals 2-4 | Plantarflexes and inverts foot |