Marine Invertebrates

1.  List the major characteristics of each of the following groups.  Be able to briefly describe major points about their physiology and ecology, and give common examples from the group.

Porifera

Cnidaria

- Hydrozoa

- Scyphozoa

- Anthozoa

Ctenophores

Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)

• Turbellarians

• Flukes

Annelids

• Polychaetes

Mollusks

• Gastropods

• Bivalves

• Cephalopods

• Chitons

Arthropods

• Crustaceans

  • Copepods, amphipods, isopods

  • Barnacles

  • Krill

  • Decapods

    • Hermit crabs

    • True crabs

    • Lobsters

• Merostomata (Horseshoe crabs)

• Pycnogonids (Sea spiders)

Echinoderms

• Sea stars

• Brittle stars

• Sea urchins

• Sea cucumbers

2.  What makes an organism an invertebrate?

3.  What is the difference between and what are examples of:

-  Radial and bilateral symmetry

-  Sexual and asexual reproduction 

-  Complete and incomplete digestive systems

-  Closed and open circulatory systems

-  Exoskeleton, endoskeleton, hydroskeleton

-  Herbivory, carnivory and parasitism

4.  Explain the basic pattern of planktonic larval development and settlement in at least one of the groups listed above.