BIOLOGY
BIOLOGY - Study of living organism
BIOS – life
LOGOS – study
EVOLUTION - Study the origins and history of life and once living things
ANATOMY - Study the structures of living things
ECOLOGY - Study how living things interact with one another
PHYSIOLOGY - Study how living things function
ARISTOTLE - first who classified living things as to air, land, water dwellers. Father of Biology.
GALEN - Greek physician, first to dissect apes and pigs; Father of Anatomy.
ANDREAS VESAULIUS - made the first dissection on human anatomy; discovered Comparative Anatomy.
WILLIAM HARVEY - showed conclusively that the heart pumps blood and the blood circulates.
MARCELO MALPHIGI - Italian physician and anatomist, founder of microscopic anatomy.
ANTON VAN LEEWENHOUK - first to use microscope; discovered microorganisms such as protozoans called “animalcules”.
CHARLES DARWIN - wrote the book On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection
IMPORTANCE OF BIOLOGY ENABLE US TO :
· Finding cure for diseases, new meds
· Preserve the environment (help endangered animals)
· Appreciate the diverse variety of living things
· Develop technologies –heart valves, prosthetic limbs
· Improve agriculture
TWO MAJOR DIVISIONS OF BIOLOGY
BOTANY - the study of plants
ZOOLOGY - the study of animals
BOTANY
DENDROLOGY - the study of trees and their history
MYCOLOGY - the study of fungi and some association with plants
PALEONBOTANY - study of fossil fuels PHYTOPATHOLOGY - study of diseases of plants
AGRICULTURE - study the principles of botany in growing food plants
POMOLOGY - study of cultivating fruits
ZOOLOGY
ARACHNOLOGY - study of single class of invertebrate
(scorpions, spiders, etc.)
CONCHOLOGY - study of mollusks
EMBRYOLOGY - study of the development of animals
forms
ENTEMOLOGY -study of insects
HERPETOLOGY - study of reptiles
MAMMALOGY -study of mammals
ORNITHOLOGY - study of birds
ICHTHYOLOGY - study of fishes
FIELD OF STUDY IN BIOLOGY
VIROLOGY - Study of viruses
ANATOMY - Study of organisms structure
GENETIC - Study of heredity
ENTOMOLOGY - Study of insects
ECOLOGY - Study of envinronment and relationship
ZOOLOGY - Study of animal
MICROBIOLOGY - Study of microorganisms such as bacteria, protozoas and viruses.
EMBRYOLOGY - Study of embryonic development
BIOCHEMISTRY - Study of biochemical process in body
BOTANY - Study of plant
BACTERIOLOGY - Study of bacteria
PARASITOLOGY - the study of organisms that live in or other organism that caused diseases
TAXONOMY - Study of classifying plants & animal
MYCOLOGY - Study of fungi
HISTOLOGY - Study of tissues
PHYSIOLOGY - the study of how the body and its parts work
PALEONTOLOGY - the study of fossils, the preserved remain traces of organism from the past
MORPHOLOGY - the study of gross structures
and forms of organism.
6 LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION FOR HUMAN BODY
1. CHEMICAL – involves how atoms interact and combine into molecules
2. CELL – basic structural and functional units of organisms
3. TISSUE – a group of similar cells and the material surrounding them
4. ORGAN – composed of two or more tissue types that together perform one or more common functions
5. ORGAN SYSTEM – a group of organs classified as a unit because of a common function or set of functions
6. ORGANISM – a complex of organ systems that are mutually dependent upon one another
6 ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE
1. ORGANIZATION – refers to a specific relationship of the many individual parts of an organism.
2. METABOLISM – the ability to use energy to perform vital functions, such as growth, movement, and reproduction.
3. RESPONSIVENESS - the ability of an organism to sense changes in the environment and make the adjustments that help maintain its life.
4. GROWTH - refers to an increase in size of all or part of the organism
5. DEVELOPMENT - includes the changes an organism undergoes through time
6. REPRODUCTION – the formation of new cells or new organisms.
WAYS OF STUDYING BIOLOGY
· Science process skill
· Promote thinking
· Manipulative skill
· Psychomotor skill via conduct experiment in scientific investigation
· Scientific skill