newspaper v9cab
1. Onus – burden or responsibility
The onus of policy reform lies with the government.
2. Sombre – dark, serious, gloomy
The report painted a sombre picture of the economy.
3. Substantive – meaningful, significant
The dialogue produced no substantive outcomes.
4. Circumspect – cautious, careful
Leaders must remain circumspect in volatile situations.
5. Tenuous – weak, fragile
The ceasefire remains tenuous.
6. Nuanced – detailed and subtle
A nuanced approach is needed in diplomacy.
7. Intact – undamaged, whole
The institutional framework remains intact.
8. Afoot – in progress
Negotiations are afoot to resolve the crisis.
9. Impasse – deadlock
Talks reached an impasse over territorial disputes.
10. Precarious – unstable, risky
The country faces a precarious economic situation.
11. Derail – disrupt or hinder
Political instability could derail reforms.
12. Symbiosis – mutually beneficial relationship
There is a symbiosis between economic growth and stability.
13. Stoke – to fuel or intensify
Inflation fears have been stoked by rising prices.
14. Weigh – consider carefully
Policymakers must weigh the risks before acting.
15. Plunge – fall suddenly
The currency plunged amid uncertainty.
16. Deliberate – carefully thought out
The decision was deliberate and strategic.
17. Throttle – restrict or control
Regulations may throttle innovation.
18. Accustomed – used to
The public is accustomed to economic fluctuations.
19. Inflict – impose something harmful
Sanctions inflict economic hardship.
20. Political spectrum – range of political ideologies
The issue divides opinion across the political spectrum.
21. Anachronistic – outdated
The policy appears anachronistic in today’s world.
22. Dichotomy – division into two parts
There is a false dichotomy between security and development.
23. Ramp up – increase
The government plans to ramp up production.
24. Spiralling – rapidly increasing
Spiralling inflation worries policymakers.
25. Incremental – gradual
Reforms should be incremental rather than abrupt.
26. Structural shift – fundamental change
The economy is undergoing a structural shift.
27. Chronically – persistently
The country is chronically underfunded.
28. Emanate – originate
The threat emanates from regional instability.
29. Accrue (correct spelling) – accumulate
Benefits accrue over time.
30. Insulating – protecting
Reserves help in insulating the economy from shocks.
31. Cushioning – softening impact
Aid packages are cushioning the crisis.
32. Feverish diplomacy – intense diplomatic activity
Feverish diplomacy is underway to de-escalate tensions.
33. Bolster – support or strengthen
The policy aims to bolster economic growth.
34. Ricochet – rebound
Sanctions could ricochet on global markets.
35. Relent – become less severe
Authorities refused to relent on regulations.
36. Flurry – sudden burst
A flurry of meetings followed the crisis.
37. Censure – criticize strongly
The government faced censure for its actions.
38. Reminiscent – suggestive of
The crisis is reminiscent of past failures.
📘 Idiom
Punch above its weight – perform beyond expected capacity
Pakistan often punches above its weight in diplomacy.
📘 More Advanced Terms
Discern – recognize
It is difficult to discern policy priorities.
Strategic calculus – decision-making logic
The move altered the strategic calculus.
Strategic contest – competition for influence
The region is a site of strategic contest.
Strategic direction – long-term plan
The policy lacks clear strategic direction.
Strategic initiative – proactive move
The state must take strategic initiatives.
Strategic concern – key worry
Energy security remains a strategic concern.
Foment – stir up
External actors may foment unrest.
Capitulate – surrender under conditions
The group refused to capitulate.
Batter – hit/criticize harshly
The policy was battered by critics.
Spawn – generate
Conflict can spawn extremism.
Off-ramp – exit strategy
Diplomacy offers an off-ramp from escalation.
Rally – gather/support
Public support rallied behind reforms.
Bellicose – aggressive
Bellicose rhetoric escalated tensions.
Decapitate – remove leadership
The strike aimed to decapitate leadership.
Interlocutor – participant in dialogue
He served as a key interlocutor.
Vividly – clearly
The report vividly describes the crisis.
Ratchet – increase step by step
Tensions continue to ratchet up.
Unequivocal – clear, unambiguous
The stance was unequivocal.
Amenable – open to agreement
They are amenable to negotiations.
Behest – at request
The action was taken at the behest of allies.
Besieged – under pressure
The government is besieged by criticism.
Lambasting – harsh criticism
Opposition leaders are lambasting the policy.
📘 Final Set
Smothered – suppressed
Dissent was smothered quickly.
Sprawl – spread widely
Urban sprawl is increasing.
Rebuff – reject
The proposal was rebuffed.
Endogenous – internal
The crisis has endogenous causes.
Tread – walk carefully
Leaders must tread cautiously.
Oblivious – unaware
Officials seemed oblivious to risks.
Ominous – threatening
There are ominous signs of instability.
Concerted – coordinated
A concerted effort is required.
Gel – come together
The policy failed to gel.
Tumble – fall suddenly
Markets tumbled after the announcement.
Stipulation – condition
The agreement includes strict stipulations.
Prodding – urging
International pressure is prodding reforms.
Relaying – transmitting
Officials are relaying information.
Ensuing – following
The ensuing crisis was severe.
Heckle – interrupt/criticize
The minister was heckled during the speech.
Beset – troubled
The economy is beset with challenges.
Unbridled – uncontrolled
Unbridled inflation is dangerous.
Disconcertingly – unsettlingly
The trend is disconcertingly persistent.
Wrangle – argue
Leaders continue to wrangle over policies.
Soaring – rising rapidly
Soaring prices hurt consumers.
Mounting – increasing
Mounting pressure forced action.
Syncretism – blending of ideas
Cultural syncretism defines the region.