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Aeneid II: Summary and Key Points

Overview of Aeneid II

  • Author: Gianlorenzo Bernini (circa 1618)

  • Main Characters: Aeneas, Anchises, Ascanius (also referred to as Iulus)

  • Setting: The fall of Troy

Book II: Detailed Account

Sections 1-56: Discovery of the Wooden Horse
  • Aeneas begins recounting the events during the fall of Troy.

  • A wooden horse is discovered on the beach.

  • Various opinions arise among Trojans regarding the horse:

    • Laocoon's Warning: Laocoon vehemently advises against bringing the horse into the city, suspecting it is a Greek trick.

Sections 57-199: Sinon’s Deceit
  • Introduction of Sinon: Trojan shepherds capture a Greek named Sinon who pretends to be a victim of circumstance.

  • Sinon's Story:

    • Claims he was condemned to death by the Greeks but managed to escape.

    • Seeks refuge with the Trojans, pleading for their mercy.

  • Cultural Significance of the Horse:

    • Sinon tells the Trojans that the horse is a religious offering to appease the gods for the theft of the Palladium.

    • If they bring it into Troy, it will ensure Greek defeat.

Sections 199-249: The Portent
  • A significant omen occurs:

    • Twin serpents arise from the sea, attacking Laocoon and his two sons, killing them.

  • Interpretation of the Omen:

    • The Trojans interpret this event as a divine sign that the horse should remain unharmed.

  • The Trojans celebrate and bring the wooden horse into Troy amidst festivities.

Sections 250-267: Greek Attack Begins
  • Night falls; the Trojans sleep unknowingly.

  • The Greek fleet departs from Tenedos.

  • Sinon's Role: Upon receiving a fire signal, Sinon frees the Greeks hidden within the horse.

  • The Greeks emerge, kill the Trojan sentries, and open Troy's gates to their fellow soldiers.

Sections 268-297: Hector’s Ghost
  • The ghost of Hector, a significant Trojan warrior, appears to Aeneas.

  • Hector urges Aeneas to escape from Troy and to take sacred emblems and the Penates (household gods).

Sections 298-317: Aeneas’ Awakening and Preparation for Battle
  • Aeneas awakens and witnesses the chaos and destruction in Troy.

  • He prepares to engage in battle amidst the devastation.

Sections 318-369: Entering the Battle
  • Panthus, a priest of Apollo, informs Anchises that the city is doomed.

  • Aeneas decides to join the fight with a few companions.

Sections 370-401: Deception and Disguise
  • A Greek named Androgeos mistakenly believes Aeneas and his companions are fellow Greeks; he and his crew are killed.

  • The Trojans don Greek armor to blend in and fight back.

Sections 402-452: Coroebus and the Capture of Cassandra
  • Coroebus, a Trojan warrior, sees Cassandra abducted and attempts to rescue her.

  • Aeneas anxiously fights near Priam's palace during the turmoil.

Sections 453-505: Siege of Priam’s Palace
  • Aeneas scalds to the tower rooftop through a back entrance.

  • He helps dislodge a tower onto the Greeks.

  • The Greeks, led by Pyrrhus, breach the palace gates and commence a massacre of the Trojans.

Sections 506-558: Death of Priam
  • Priam, the king of Troy, is depicted donning armor to face death.

  • Hecuba, Priam’s wife, implores him to seek sanctuary at the altar.

  • Tragic Scene:

    • Priam’s son, Polites, is fatally wounded while fleeing to his father, who witnesses his death.

    • Priam's retaliatory outburst is met with a brutal sword-stroke, leading to his demise.

Sections 559-566: Aeneas Reflects on his Family
  • The death of Priam ignites Aeneas's concern for his own family, deepening his existential dread.

  • He looks around but finds himself isolated.

Sections 567-587: Fury at Helen
  • Aeneas sees Helen hiding at the temple of Vesta and feels fury, contemplating vengeance for the destruction of Troy.

Sections 588-623: Venus' Intervention
  • Venus appears to Aeneas, advising him to prioritize the safety and welfare of his family.

  • She reveals divine figures orchestrating the ruin of Troy.

Sections 624-633: Aeneas' Realization
  • Aeneas acknowledges the inevitability of Troy's downfall, likening it to the last fall of a tree.

  • He resolves to return home.

Sections 634-670: Anchises’ Refusal
  • Aeneas reaches home, urging Anchises to flee, but his father initially refuses to leave.

  • Overwhelmed, Aeneas prepares for possible death in battle.

Sections 671-729: Signs of Favor
  • As Creusa implores Aeneas not to abandon them, a miraculous flame appears above Ascanius' head.

  • Anchises seeks affirmation of the omen.

  • Following the thunder, a shooting star is sighted, prompting Anchises to agree to leave.

  • Aeneas carries his father on his shoulders, guiding Ascanius by hand, while Creusa follows.

Sections 730-795: Loss of Creusa
  • As they near safety, chaos erupts and Creusa is separated from the group.

  • Aeneas frantically retraces his steps, calling out for Creusa.

  • He is visited by her supernatural apparition, which instructs him to continue on his journey and place her under the protection of the goddess Cybele.

Sections 796-804: The Journey to Safety
  • Aeneas returns to join other members of his family, who have assembled with refugees.

  • With the dawn of a new day, signified by the morning star, Aeneas and the group set off towards the mountains, ending this turbulent chapter of their lives.