Legislation
Key Legislation Timeline
1906 - Pure Food and Drug Act
Established standards for drug labeling.
Forerunner of the FDA.
1912 - Shirley Amendment
Prohibited fraudulent drug effectiveness claims.
1914 - Harrison Narcotic Act
Restricted narcotics: opium, cocaine, marijuana.
1938 - Food Drug and Cosmetic Act
Expanded FDA powers; required drug safety proof.
Authorized factory inspections and penalties for fraud.
1945 - Amendment
Required certification for biologics like insulin.
1951 - Durham-Humphrey Amendment
Differentiated prescription drugs from over-the-counter drugs.
1962 - Kefauver-Harris Amendment
Required evidence of drug effectiveness from clinical studies.
1970 - Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act
Regulated narcotics; categorized drugs by abuse potential.
1978 - Drug Regulation Reform Act
Established research guidelines and expedited drug marketing.
1983 - Orphan Drug Act
Provided incentives for rare disease drug development.
1987 - Amendment
Speeded up approval for high-priority medications.
1992 - Prescription Drug User Fee Act
Allowed FDA to charge fees to expedite drug reviews.
1993 - NIH Revitalization Act
Mandated inclusion of women/minorities in NIH studies.
1997 - FDA Modernization Act
Updated biologic product regulations; enhanced patient access to experimental drugs.
2002 - Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act
Encouraged pediatric studies and labeling of drugs for children.
2003 - Medicare Prescription Drug Improvement and Modernization Act
Major overhaul of Medicare; introduced prescription drug benefits.
2005 - Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act
Regulated sales of key ingredients in illegal drugs.
2008 - Ryan Haight Online Pharmacy Consumer Protection Act
Regulated internet sales of controlled substances.
2018 - SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act
Focused resources on opioid crisis management and expanded treatment options.