Micro-organism

Micro-organisms, or microbes, are tiny living organisms that can only be seen with a microscope. They include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa.

Types of Micro-organisms:

• Bacteria: Single-celled organisms that can be beneficial (like gut bacteria) or harmful (pathogens causing diseases).

• Viruses: Non-cellular entities that require a host to reproduce; they can cause infections and diseases.

• Fungi: Can be unicellular (yeasts) or multicellular (molds) and play roles in decomposition and can also cause infections.

• Protozoa: Single-celled organisms that often live in water and can be free-living or parasitic.

Importance:

• Micro-organisms play essential roles in ecosystems by participating in nutrient cycling, decomposing organic matter, and helping in food production (e.g., fermentation in bread and alcoholic beverages).

• They are also used in biotechnology for the production of antibiotics, enzymes, and biofuels.