ARTS Q1 NOTES

ARTS Q1 NOTES

LESSON 1

Impressionism

  • is an art movement that emerged in the second half of the 19th century among a group of Paris-based artists.

  • The term Impressionist was used as a first impression and an insult by someone who hated this painting all because it did not follow the traditional way of painting at that time. This certain painting is called “Impression, Sunrise” by French painter, Claude Monet.

  • CHARACTERISTICS of IMPRESSIONISM

  • Color was more of a visual effect

  • Emphasizes the value of light on objects

  • Texture is composed of broken strokes and visible brush strokes

  • Pure unmixed colors and not smoothly blended

  • “Everyday” Subjects

  • Paintings were about scenes of normal life instead of mythical or religious subjects ;

  • Presented ordinary people doing everyday tasks

  • Painters paint outside of the studio to see the actual effect of objects

  • Many of them focused on landscapes as their subjects.

FAMOUS IMPRESSIONIST PAINTERS

  • CLAUDE MONET
  • was one of the founders of the Impressionist movement along with his friends in the French Academy of Art.
  • The most influential figure in Impressionism Art movement.
  • It was his painting “Impression, Sunrise” that started the movement after it was criticized.
  • Known for his landscape paintings depicting his beloved flowers and water lily ponds at his home.

“Irises in Monet’s Garden”                “Water Lilies and Japanese Bridge”

  • PIERRE AUGUSTE RENOIR
  • was one of the central figures in the Impressionist movement
  • His works were mostly about snapshots of real-life, full sparkling color and light
  • Most of the time, his paintings includ__e portraits of women and children and groups of people celebrating together__

“Bal du moulin de la Galette”                “The Dancer”          Garden at Sainte Adresse

(Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette)                   1874                                1867

  • ÉDOUARD MANET
  • One of the 19th century artists to depict everyday modern-life subjects. His artworks are considered turning point paintings that marked the start of modern art
  • He was known to be the first one who started painting using the impressionism style.
  • He liked to paint people on various places and as if they are painted unknowingly, in common terms, candid pose

“Café Concert” 1878                        “A Bar at the Folie-Bergere” 1882

LESSON 2

Post-Impressionism Art

  • After the last art exhibition of Impressionist Paintings, around 1885, the art movement Post-Impressionism began.
  1. Post-Impressionism Art: An Emotional Experience

  • “The Starry Night” which is one of the most recognized paintings in the history of Western culture. Painted by Dutch painter Vincent van Gogh in June 1889, it shows the view from the east-facing window of his asylum room in France, just before sunrise.

  • Just like Vincent van Gogh, Post-Impressionist painters aim to use art as an emotional experience rather than a depiction of real-life scenery. A way to express their experiences, moods, ideas, and emotions in a dream-like scenery or picture from their memory.

  • CHARACTERISTICS of POST-IMPRESSIONISM ART

  • Emotional Symbolism

  • Artworks should be able to communicate the artist’s message from his mind.

  • It is a way to express the feelings and emotions of the artist instead of showing a real-life picture

  • Masterpieces are symbols of the artist's emotions.

  • Brilliant colors

  • Unlike the Impressionist who tries to capture the natural light of each scenery, Post-Impressionists use bright colors to express their emotions of the world around them, not following the natural color of objects.

  • Unique Brushstrokes

  • Brushstrokes are different from one another. Some use very small pointy strokes, some are wide and broad, and some are short & rough

  • It is like this since it is not intended to be a realistic picture but an expression of the artist’s emotions.

POST-IMPRESSIONISM PAINTERS

  • PAUL CEZANNE
  • French painter and one of the greatest Post-Impressionists. His works were influential in the development of many 20th-century artists and art movements.
  • Known as the “Father of Post-impressionism.”
  • He felt self-doubts and uncertainties at the first stage of being of the existing art tradition during his time. But eventually, he developed confidence in his own art style and became famous for it

“Les Joueurs de cartes”                   “Pyramid of Skulls”            The Overture to Tannhauser:

The Card Player , 1885-1887                                1901                  The Artist’s Mother and Sister

.

  • VINCENT VAN GOGH
  • was a Dutch Post-influential figures in the history of Western art
  • In just over a decade, he created about 2,100 artworks, including around 860 oil paintings, most of which date from the last two years of his life.
  • He was considered a failure during his lifetime but became famous after his death when his paintings became one of the world's most expensive paintings to have ever sold.

“Sunflowers”                         “The Potato Eaters”                     “Prisoner’s Round”

Paul Cezanne and Vincent van Gogh are examples of painters who use their artworks as reflections of their own lives and expressions of their emotions.

“Painting from nature is not copying the object; it is realizing one's sensations."

- Paul Cezanne

LESSON 3

Expressionism

  • The Expressionism Art Movement started in Germany.

  • It is an art style in which the image of reality is distorted and exaggerated to express the artist’s inner feelings or ideas. It could be anger, anxiety, fear, or peacefulness and to emphasize these, colors are often vivid and shocking.

  • This was not a completely new idea in art. Other artists like Vincent Van Gogh had been doing the same thing. However, this was the first time this type of art had been given a name.

  • 4 Various Styles of Expressionism Art Movements

  1. FAUVISM  - This is the name given to the works produced by a group of artists led by French artists- Henri Matisse and André Derain, from around 1905 to 1910, which is characterized by strong colors and fierce brushwork. Famous examples are:

“Women with a Hat”               “Les toits de Collioure”        Charing Cross Bridge, London

(The Roofs of Collioure)

  1. DADAISM

-  Dadaism or Dada was an art movement formed during 1916-1924 as a negative reaction to the First World War in Zurich,Switzerland.

- It includes visual, literary, and sound media, such as collage, sound poetry, cut-up writing, and sculpture.

- Dadaists do not follow a certain art style in making their artworks, instead they use their own imagination and emotions in creating one.

Cut with the Kitchen Knife through         “Fountain”                       “Karawane”

the Last Epoch of Weimar Beer-                Marcel Duchamp                Hugo Ball

Belly culture in Germany”

by Hannah Höch

3. SURREALISM

  • A revolutionary art movement developed in Europe around the 1920s to the 1950s after World War I by its leader Andre Breton.
  • It was largely influenced by Dadaism, creating artworks with strange creatures from everyday objects as if you are looking into a dream.

“The Persistence of Memory”                        “The Elephant Celebes”

Salvador Dali                                          Max Ernst

4. SOCIAL REALISM

  • Here, artists used their works to protest against the injustices, inequalities, immorality and ugliness of the human condition.
  • In different periods of history, social realists have addressed different issues: war, poverty, corruption, industrial and environmental hazards, and more – in hope of raising people's awareness and pushing society to seek reforms.

“The Strikes of June 1936”                  “May Day, Moscow”

Boris Taslitzky                                     Diego Rivera

LESSON 4

Abstractionism

  • Abstract Art has the same spirit of freedom of expression and openness that characterized life in the 20th century but it differed from Expressionism in certain ways.
  • It does not attempt to represent an accurate depiction of a visual reality or the natural appearance of objects. Instead it uses geometrical shapes, lines, colors, forms, and gestural marks to achieve its effect.
  • The resulting works ranged from Representational Abstractionism depicting still
  • recognizable subjects, to Pure Abstractionism where no recognizable subject could be detected.

The Art Styles of Abstraction Art

  1. CUBISM-  The cubist style derived its name from the cube, a three-Dimensional geometric figure composed of strictly measured lines, planes, and angles.

“Les Demoiselles d'Avignon”           “Violon”

Pablo Picasso                         Pablo Picasso

FILIPINO CUBIST ARTISTS

  • Ang Kiukok
  • Kiukok was a Filipino of Chinese descent from Davao City.
  • He often chose dynamic or disturbing subject matter, frequently depicting rabid dogs, crucifixions, and screaming figures in an abstracted geometric style.

“Fishermen”

  • Cesar Legaspi
  • Consistently tackling issues of social injustice and the plight of the working classes. Legaspi, from Tondo, Manila, rendered his paintings using heavy, geometric stylizations of forms.

“Workers”

  1. FUTURISM
  • Futurism (Italian: Futurismo ) was an artistic and social movement that
  • originated in Italy in the early 20th century.
  • It aimed to capture in art the dynamism and energy of the modern world emphasizing speed, technology, youth, violence, and objects such as cars, airplanes, and the industrial city.

“Armored Train in Action”

Gino Severini

  1. MECHANICAL STYLE
  • This style is characterized by recurring interchangeable geometric elements among them, the cone, the cylinder, and the disk that seemed suspended in a completely flat or shallow, relief-like space.
  • Actually, none of these works depicts identifiable mechanical parts, but, instead, each is meant to evoke the impersonality of a new machine age.

“Mechanical Elements”

Fernand Léger       

  1. NON-OBJECTIVISM
  • From the very term “non-object”, works in this style did not make use of figures or even with presentations of figures.
  • They did not refer to recognizable objects or forms in the outside world.
  • Lines shapes and colors were used aiming for balance, unity, and stability.
  • Foremost among the non-objectivists was Dutch painter Piet Mondrian.                                                   “New York City I”
  1. ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM
  • Abstract expressionism is the term applied to new forms of abstract art developed by American painters such as Jackson Pollock, Mark Rothko and Willem de Kooning in the 1940s and 1950s.
  • It is often characterized by gestural brushstrokes or mark-making, and the impression of spontaneity.
  • Within abstract expressionism were two broad groupings: the so-called action painters, who attacked their canvases  with expressive brush strokes; and the color field painters who filled their canvases with large areas of a single color.
  • ACTION PAINTING
  • The action painters were led by Jackson Pollock and Willem de Kooning, who worked in a spontaneous improvisatory manner often using large brushes to make sweeping gestural marks.
  1. COLOR FIELD PAINTING
  • The second grouping included Mark Rothko, Barnett Newman and Clyfford Still.
  • They were deeply interested in religion and myth and created simple compositions with large areas intended to produce a contemplative or meditational response in the viewer.

 LESSON 5

CONTEMPORARY ART

  • Contemporary Art is “the art of today”.
  • Thus, it reflects the complex issues that shape our diverse, global, and rapidly changing world.
  • Many contemporary artists explore personal or cultural identity, give critiques on social and institutional structures, or even attempt to redefine art itself.
  • In the process, they often raise difficult or thought-provoking questions without providing easy answers. Curiosity, an open mind, and a commitment to dialogue and debate are the best tools with which to approach a work of contemporary art.