Lipids
Hydrophobic (nonpolar, uncharged)
use for energy (9kcal/g) or Structure
cell membranes and adipose
3 TYPES :
Triglycerides- glycerol + 3 fatty acids, dietary, adipose, transported by chylomicrons (lipoproteins)
Phospholipids- P+2 fatty acids + glycerol, amphipathic: hydrophilic and hydrophobic, cell membranes, lecithin
Sterols- 4 ring structure, steroids, Vitamin D, sex hormones, cortisol, Cholesterol, liver, endo, exo,
(cortisol) VLDL LDL
functional sterols- added Omega 3
FATTY ACIDS
CH3-(CH)n-COOH
Short, medium, longchain
saturated, unsaturated
single double
OMEGA 3,6,9
Hydrogenation: unsaturated —-} saturated
Trans fats increase the risk of Cardio Vascular Disease
in baked goods, and fried foods
FOODS
AMDR 20-35%
Less then 10% sat fats
maximize unsaturated (olive oil, etc.)
Need omega 3 ( flax, fish oils)= linolenic (Essential)
Good sources:
-nuts and seeds lipids + Proteins
-vegetables + vegetable oil
-fish (8oz a week) salmon, tuna, shrimp (avoid tilefish, shark)
-Mediterranean diet More vegetables, grains, olive oil less meats and sweets