4.6

fronde- civil distrubance in france, attempted to curb royal power

metacons war- king philips war, result of english colonist using underhanded tactics to pressure native to control their land, fought with indiginous

resistance to portugal in africa

  • futch and english pushed portuguese out of south asia

  • portuguese looked to africa to vuild colony

  • ana nzinga was ruler of ndongo

  • african peoples were attacking ndongo

  • nzinga became an ally of portugal, was a baptized christian, governor of portuguese colony was her godfather

  • alliance broke, nzinga and her people fled west, taking over matamba, she incited reblion in ndong, allied with the dutch, offered runaway salves freedom in matamba.

  • nzinga ruled for decades, built matamba into economic strong state

local resistance in russia

  • pressure on state power came from within russia

  • serfs in russia didnt improbe, wars weakened centrla goc and increased nobles power

  • demand fro grain inc, nobles imposed harsch conditions on serfs

  • russian serfs long oppresed, mongols and russian princes collected heavy tributes and taxes, peasent debt inc, later lost lands and forced into serfdom

Serfdom, power, control

  • practice of serfdom benefitted gov bc kept peasents under control, regulated by nobles

  • benfiteed land oweners, provided free labor

  • serfs practically slaves, labor bought and sold within the land

  • institutuin of sefdom expanded as russia expanded west to baltic/siria

  • agricultural state, serfs tied to long,

  • elizabeth 1 freed remaining serfs

  • law of russia chained serds to land where they were born and ensured service to landlords, could but and sell and create punishemnt

  • village communes, mirs, controlled small landholders among peasents

cossacks and peasent revellion

  • near black sea, peasents where skilled fighters lived in grasst, trreeles steppes

  • many were runawat sefrs, small froups, influenced by mongols

  • fierce cossack warriors, at odds with central, autocratic gov of tsars

  • warrios could be hired as mercanaries to defend mother russia against sweden, tartar, ottoman, imporatant to russia expansion to ural mountains/siberia

  • yemelyan pugachev, cossack, began peasent revellion against catherin the great fro giving nobility power over lands for loyarly, peasents less rights

  • pugachev pretned to be catherines murded husbend, gained following of peasents, other ethnic groups, cossacks, controlled land between volga river and urals

  • russian army captured pugachev and was executed, catherine increased oppresion so nobles supported her and avoided future revolts

Brebellions in osuth asia

  • mughal mepire controlled much of india/pakistan

  • centralized gov and spread persian art and culture and islam

  • much of pop was hindu

  • marath-hindu warrior group,fought mughals, created maratha empire,ended mughal rule

revolts in spanish empire

  • pueblo revolt, against spanish in new mexico, pueblo and apache natices fought colonizers who tried to force conversion

  • natives killed 400 spaniards, drove rest out, destroyed churches, spanish later reconquered

struggles for power in england and colonies

  • england defeated spnaish colonist, took control of jamica

  • slaves in carribean anf spanish teritories fought to gain freedom in maroon wars

  • maroons were descendant of runaway african salves in jamiaca

  • escaped and formed independent settlemts, queen nanny, escaped slave, united all maroons, recognized her as a national hero

  • slave revolts common in americas, where enslvaed outnumberd euros

  • first revolt in US gloucester county rebellions, in virginia, enslaved and white endentured servants conspired to demand freedom from governor

  • aouthoritie sfound out and arrested them

metacons war

  • first major effort of natives to drive out british

  • spread thorughout new england, destruction of 12 towns

  • native mohegan and pequot sided with english

  • nativs continued to live in region, war ended with subjungation of wampanoag people to english colonist

england

  • struggles for power

  • james II became king, was catholic, anti protestant measure enraged many english

  • group of nobles invited william of orange, james nephew to invade england

  • james fled to france, william and wife mary II , james daughter, began join rule of england

  • william and mary were protestanbt, english throne in portestant hands

  • called glorius revolution, bloodless revolution

  • strengthened parliament, passed a law forbidng catholics to rule england

  • not alot of violence, alot of religoous tension in england and world