Intro to Mammo

Mammography Overview

  • Single most effective method for early breast cancer detection (80-90% detection rate).

  • Involves low dose radiation (x-rays) for visualizing internal breast structures.

  • Early detection leads to reduced mortality rates.

Mammography Technology Timeline

  • 1960s: Industrial film mammography.

  • 1970s: Xero-mammography.

  • 1980s: Film screen mammography.

  • 2000s: Digital mammography.

  • Present: Digital breast tomosynthesis.

Mammography Certification Requirements

  • Complete 40-hour training course.

  • Obtain State CRT (M) certification (not ARRT).

  • Initial 25 supervised mammograms required.

  • Fulfill all ARRT clinical requirements for ARRT exam application.

Patient Preparation and Cooperation

  • No deodorants or powders for 2D exams to avoid mimicking micro calcifications.

  • Establish a trusted relationship for better positioning and exam quality.

  • Importance of clear pre-exam instructions and addressing patient anxiety.

Screening vs Diagnostic Mammography

  • Screening: For women over 40 or younger with family history, asymptomatic.

  • Diagnostic: Any age, symptomatic, recall from screening, or personal history.

Clinical Findings and Symptoms

  • Symptoms include focal pain, lumps, swelling, redness, nipple discharge, and skin changes.

  • Prior mammograms are critical for interpreting new tests.

Mammography Views

  • Standard views include Cranial Caudal (CC) and Mediolateral Oblique (MLO).

  • Compression is essential for better image quality (reduces dose, motion blurring, increases contrast).

Patient Follow-Up

  • MQSA mandates written results be sent to patients, detailing any need for additional imaging.

  • Utilize BI-RADS classification for mammography results (levels from 0 to 6 indicating findings from incomplete to malignancy).

Conclusion

  • Role of mammography technologist is critical for early detection and patient care.

  • Optimal mammography practices can save lives.