Samuel Johnson's Lives of Poets (Milton)

Volume Overview

The Lives of the English Poets introduced a new style of biography in British literature.
Johnson is praised for his honest examination of poets' lives, though criticized at times for inaccuracies, political bias, and insufficient praise.
Critics often found fault in Johnson's dogmatic approach, but he emphasized the importance of moral integrity over mere literary merit.
His works were seen as bridges to a more liberal style of biography and critique.

Johnson's bold expression of conviction often attracted criticism; he was accused of political animosity and haughtiness in his critiques.
Critics claimed he lacked the emotional understanding essential for poetic excellence, preferring rational analysis over emotional resonance.
His loyalty to traditional values shaped his views on poets and their morals, often leading to controversial evaluations of their works.

Detractors accused Johnson of exhibiting narrow-mindedness and a tendency to harshly judge those he disagreed with.
However, his intentions were framed by the duty to expose the flaws in human character to promote moral integrity

Johnson's critics included political zealots and literary devotees who felt wronged by his assessments.
Adversaries claimed he was insensitive to the innovative and imaginative aspects of poetry, focusing instead on moralistic criteria.

John Milton, biographical details:
- Birth: December 9, 1608, in London.
- Education: Studied at St. Paul's School and Christ's College, Cambridge.
- Early literary efforts included translations of Psalms while a schoolboy and various elegies in his teenage years.

Milton's father, John, was a scrivener and a musician wealthy enough to own an estate.
Milton had a brother and sister, his family reflected a combination of intellect and ambition, influencing his life.
His education was emphasized by his father, who initially tutored him and later sent him to formal schooling.

Milton's time at Cambridge was marked by a pursuit of knowledge but also by conflict with authority, leading to brief rustication and the eventual dismissal of corporal punishment.
Sought to challenge the existing curriculum and education structures, advocating for a more robust learning environment.

Initially intended to pursue a career in the church but became disillusioned and eschewed traditional religious practices for broader philosophical inquiries.
Rejected clerical subscription and oath-taking, opting instead for a life of greater autonomy.

Masque of Comus: A work emphasizing virtue, and the tension between innocence and temptation.
Paradise Lost: Exploring themes of free will, obedience, and rebellion, earned Johnson’s ultimate admiration.

Milton’s poetry is identified by grand themes, expanded through elements of classical learning fused with Christian doctrine.
His characters, primarily Adam and Eve, exemplify human dignity and moral challenges that resonate universally throughout human history.

Milton’s work has been influential, establishing a standard for epic poetry while also integrating complex themes of morality and spirituality.
His explorations of the nature of good and evil, freedom, and divine justice continue to inspire modern interpretations and discussions in literary studies.