Emerging Technologies Chapter 1, 2 and 3 module

Page 1: Introduction to Emerging Technologies

  • Presenter: Zebiba Ahmed

  • Affiliation: MIIM&HSC

Page 2: Table of Contents

  • Overview of topics:

    • Introduction to Emerging Technologies

    • Data Science

    • Artificial Intelligence (AI)

    • Augmented Reality (AR)

    • Ethics and Professionalism of Emerging Technologies

    • Other Emerging Technologies

    • Internet of Things (IoT)

Page 3: Assessment

  • Breakdown of assessment criteria:

    • Assignment / Quiz / Attendance: 20%

    • Test: 30%

    • Final Exam: 50%

Page 4: What is Emerging Technology (ET)?

  • Defines ET as:

    • Technologies currently developing or expected to have significant social or economic impacts.

    • Technologies in development and testing to ensure efficacy for mass production.

Page 5: Introduction to ET

  • Definitions vary across fields (media, business, education).

    • In education, ET includes tools and innovations for educational purposes.

Page 6: General Definition of ET

  • ET generally involves:

    • Technologies based on new ideas that are creating significant effects in society.

Page 7: Characteristics of Emerging Technologies

  • Tools, engaging software, hardware concepts, ideas:

    • Provide opportunities for creativity and collaboration.

    • May threaten existing systems or norms.

    • Often misunderstood or not well-known.

Page 8: Technological Evolution

  • Describes radical transformation via technological development:

    • Changes over time provide humans greater control over the environment.

Page 9: Technological Convergence

  • Interlinking of computing, information technologies, media content, and communication:

    • Results from Internet evolution and digital media products/services.

Page 10: Definition of Technology

  • Origin of the term from Greek "techno-logía" (art, skill, craft) and "logía" (study of):

    • Broadly defined as application of knowledge for societal goods.

Page 12: List of Currently Availabale Emerging Technologies

  • Key examples:

    • Artificial Intelligence

    • Blockchain

    • Augmented & Virtual Reality

    • Cloud Computing

    • Digital and robotic process automation, etc.

Page 13: Introduction to the Industrial Revolution (IR)

  • Definition: Transition from handmade goods to machines in factories (1700s-early 1800s).

  • Originated in England for efficiency and productivity.

Page 14: Changes from the Industrial Revolution

  • Impact of technical advances on production methods and working conditions.

    • Different IR phases from IR 1.0 to Industry 4.0.

Page 15: Key Innovations of the Industrial Revolution

  • Major inventions:

    • Steam Engine, mass production technologies, digital advancements.

Page 16: Important Inventions of the Industrial Revolution

  • Categories:

    • Transportation: Steam Engine, Railroad, Airplane.

    • Communication: Telegraph, Telephone.

    • Industry: Cotton Gin, Electric Lights.

Page 17: Historical Background of the IR

  • Began in Great Britain, spread to Europe.

    • Linked to increased food production from the Agricultural Revolution.

Page 18: Types of Industries

  • Four categories:

    • Primary: Raw material extraction (mining, farming).

    • Secondary: Manufacturing (cars, steel).

    • Tertiary: Services (teaching, healthcare).

    • Quaternary: Research and development.

Page 19-21: Overview of IR 1.0

  • Key features:

    • Transition to machine-based production using steam power.

    • Increased production capacity and efficiency.

Page 22-23: Overview of IR 2.0

  • Marked by electricity and assembly line production:

    • Introduction of interchangeable parts.

    • Henry Ford's influence on automotive production.

Page 24-25: Overview of IR 3.0

  • The Digital Revolution:

    • Involvement of computers and digital logic circuits.

    • Automation of production with minimal human intervention.

Page 26-28: Overview of IR 4.0

  • Coined by Klaus Schwab in 2016:

    • Features cyber-physical systems, IoT, AI, and smart factories.

Page 29-30: Role of Data in Emerging Technologies

  • Data as a strategic asset:

    • Essential for business and technological decisions.

    • Every action generates data.

Page 31-32: Enabling Devices and Networks

  • Types of devices:

    • Memory, microprocessors, logic, and networks for data sharing.

Page 34-36: Human to Machine Interaction

  • Definition of HMI and HCI:

    • Importance in improving user-computer interactions.

    • Fields contributing to HCI include psychology, computer science, and engineering.

Page 37-38: Future Trends in Emerging Technologies

  • Key technology trends:

    • 5G, AI, autonomous devices, blockchain, and augmented analytics.

Page 41: Introduction to Data Science

  • Data science as an influential interdisciplinary field.

    • Encompasses methods and algorithms for knowledge extraction from data.

Page 42-46: Data Science Fundamentals

  • Comparison of data science vs data scientist roles:

    • Importance of statistical methods and machine learning in data analysis.

Page 47-48: Algorithms and Data vs Information

  • Definition and role of algorithms in data processing.

  • Clarification of data and information differences.

Page 49-50: Data Processing Cycle

  • Steps involved in converting raw data to meaningful information:

    • Includes input, processing, output, and storage phases.

Page 51-52: Data Types

  • Definitions and examples of data types (int, bool, char, etc.).

  • Explanation of data representation in computing.

Page 53-56: Types of Data from Analytics Perspective

  • Structured, unstructured, and semi-structured data definitions.

Page 57: Metadata

  • Definition: Data about data, helping describe and manage data.

Page 58-60: Data Value Chain

  • Describes stages of data usage from acquisition to analysis and storage.

Page 62-66: Big Data Definition and Landscape

  • Discussion on the scale, complexity, and processing challenges of big data.

  • Characteristics based on the 3 Vs: volume, velocity, and variety.

Page 67-70: Clustered Computing

  • Explanation of clustered computing, high availability, and scalability benefits.

  • Introduction to Hadoop and its ecosystem for big data processing.

Page 71-74: Hadoop Data Processing Stages

  • Stages of data ingestion, processing, and analysis within Hadoop framework.

Page 76-83: Artificial Intelligence Overview

  • Definition, types, and brief history of AI.

  • Advantages and disadvantages of AI technologies.

Page 84-92: AI Development History

  • Timeline of significant AI developments and milestones.

    • From mechanical myths to modern advancements.

Page 93-94: Levels and Types of AI

  • Breakdown of AI based on capabilities and functionalities, from weak AI to superintelligence.

Page 95-107: Applications and Tools of AI

  • Overview of AI applications across various industries and the significance of tools used for problem-solving.