Risk-Factors
Page 1: Introduction to Risk Factors Underlying Disasters
Title: RISK FACTORS UNDERLYING DISASTER
Author: MARIELLE C. DABUCOL
Page 2: Learning Objectives
Identify the risk factors underlying disasters.
Describe each risk factor underlying disasters.
Utilize knowledge in real-life situations to avoid harm and assure safety.
Page 3: Understanding Risk Factors
Disaster Effects: Disasters can bring about many devastating effects.
Identifying Risk Factors: Provides ideas to mitigate the effects of disasters.
Page 4: Impact of Disasters on Different Populations
Discrimination by Disaster: Disasters do not discriminate among social classes, gender, creed, race, or nationality.
Vulnerability: Certain risk factors place affected individuals in a position where they face graver or longer-lasting post-disaster stress reactions.
Page 5: Activity on Identifying Risks
Activity Prompt: Read the scenario and enumerate risks reflected from the text.
Page 6: Case Study - Earthquake in the Philippines
Event: 6.4-magnitude earthquake shook Southern Philippines.
Location: Off the coast of Manay, at 3:16 PM, depth of 14km.
Response: Residents fled buildings; reports of damage anticipated.
Background: The Philippines lies on the Ring of Fire, indicating high seismic activity.
Past Incidents: Reference to other earthquakes and their impacts, including a 7.1-magnitude quake in 2013.
Page 7: Guide Questions
Identified Risks: What risk/s can you identify from the news article?
Factors Affecting Risk: What factors affect the disaster risks from the preceding?
Page 8: Elements of Disaster Risk
Disaster Risk Components:
Exposure: Elements at risk from natural or man-made hazard events.
Hazard: Dangerous physical occurrences, phenomena, or human activities causing damage.
Vulnerability: Increased susceptibility of a community to the impact of hazards.
Page 9: Managing Vulnerability and Exposure
Risk Reduction: Reducing vulnerability and exposure by distancing people and property from hazards.
Natural Disasters: While we can't avoid them, we can manage risk and exposure through awareness of underlying factors.
Risk Factors Defined: Processes or conditions that influence disaster risk, often development-related, increasing exposure and vulnerability or reducing capacity.
Page 10: Factors Underlying Disaster
Severity of Exposure:
Those experiencing disaster firsthand have the highest risk of developing future mental problems.
Followed by rescue workers and healthcare practitioners; lowest risk is for those aware of the disaster only through news.
Page 11: Additional Risk Factors
Gender and Family:
The female gender suffers more adverse effects, intensified with children present at home.
Age:
Adults aged 40-60 exhibit more stress post-disaster than other adults, though children generally show greater stress.
Page 12: Economic Factors
Economic Status of the Country:
Severe mental problems post-disaster are more prevalent in developing countries like the Philippines.
Page 13: Secondary Factors Increasing Disaster Risk
Climate Change:
Alters the frequency/intensity of hazards, affects vulnerability, and changes exposure patterns due to human activities.
Page 14: UNFCCC Definition of Climate Change
Definition: Changes in climate attributed directly or indirectly to human activity altering atmospheric composition beyond natural variability.
Page 15: Environmental Impacts
Environmental Degradation:
Changes in the environment can increase hazard frequency/intensity and exposure vulnerability.
Example: Deforestation leading to landslides; removal of mangroves increasing storm surge damage.
Page 16: Global Economic Development Impact
Globalized Economic Development:
Polarizes rich and poor, necessitating risk-sensitive development strategies (e.g., investing in protective infrastructure).
Page 17: Poverty and Its Role in Disaster Risk
Poverty and Inequality:
Impoverished individuals live in hazard-prone areas and struggle to invest in risk-reducing measures, creating a cycle of disaster risk.
Page 18: Urban Development Concerns
Poorly Planned and Managed Urban Development:
New urbanization trends in hazard-prone countries may increase disaster risk. Growing population density in cities coincides with high-risk areas.
Page 19: Governance Factors
Weak Governance:
Weak governance results in poor investment environments where public sector actors fail to protect rights and provide basic services.
Page 20: Activity 1.3: Analyzing Risk Factors
Direction: Identify the correct risk factor based on given situations using provided table and options (A-F).
Page 21: Key Terminology
Elements at Risk: _ X _ _ S _ _ E
Development-related Processes: D _ S _ _ _ E _ _ _
Infrastructure Damage: I _ F _ _ S _ _ R _ _ T _ R _ D _ _ A _ E
Page 22: Definitions and Consequences
Community Susceptibility: _ U _ N _ _ A _ _ L _ _ Y
Displacement Consequences: P _ _ E _ T _ _ L D _ _ A _ _ M _ N _
Page 23: Conclusion
Thank You!