LEN,LEFT, RIGHT, MID
Excel Text Functions Overview
Importance of Text Functions
Used for extracting data from large, inconsistent, and poorly formatted datasets
Critical for professionals working with such data
Hands-on practice is essential to understanding these functions
LEN Function
Syntax:
LEN(text)Purpose: Determines the length of a given string
Accepts both strings and numbers, converting any input to text
Outputs the total character count, including spaces
LEFT Function
Syntax:
LEFT(text, number_of_characters)Purpose: Returns a specified number of characters from the start of a string
Example:
Input:
LEFT("hello", 2)Output: "he"
Input:
LEFT("hello", 3)Output: "hel"
RIGHT Function
Syntax:
RIGHT(text, number_of_characters)Purpose: Returns a specified number of characters from the end of a string
Example:
Input:
RIGHT("hello", 2)Output: "lo"
Input:
RIGHT("hello", 3)Output: "llo"
MID Function
Syntax:
MID(text, start_number, number_of_characters)Purpose: Returns a specific number of characters from a specified position in a string
Example:
Input:
MID("hello", 2, 2)Output: "el"
Input:
MID("hello", 3, 2)Output: "ll"
Input:
MID("hello", 1, 2)Output: "he"
PROPER, UPPER, and LOWER Functions
PROPER Function: Converts text to proper case
Example:
PROPER("hello there")Output: "Hello There"
UPPER Function: Converts all characters in text to uppercase
Example:
UPPER("hello")Output: "HELLO"
LOWER Function: Converts all characters in text to lowercase
Example:
LOWER("HELLO")Output: "hello"
TRUNCATE Function
Purpose: Similar to rounding, it truncates a number to a specified number of digits
SEARCH and SUBSTITUTE Functions
SEARCH Function Syntax:
SEARCH(find_text, within_text, [start_num])Purpose: Finds the position of a specific substring within another string
Example:
Input:
SEARCH("o", "hello")Output: 5 (position of "o")
SUBSTITUTE Function Syntax:
SUBSTITUTE(text, old_text, new_text, [instance_num])Purpose: Replaces existing text within a string with new text
Example:
Input:
SUBSTITUTE("happy belated birthday", "belated", "")Output: "happy birthday"
REPLACE Function
Syntax:
REPLACE(old_text, start_num, num_chars, new_text)Purpose: Replaces part of a string with another string, starting at a specified position
Example:
Input:
REPLACE("happy belated birthday", 7, 8, "")Output: "happy birthday"
Combining Functions for Flexibility
To achieve dynamic output regardless of intermediate words, combinations of LEFT and RIGHT can be used:
Example:
Use
LEFTto get "happy" from "happy belated Halloween"Use
RIGHTto capture the last part ("Halloween"), excluding intervening wordsThrough concatenation, compile the results to maintain the desired format (e.g., "happy Halloween")
Improved Robustness:
The combined formula using LEFT and RIGHT will adapt well to varying words between the main terms
Advanced Techniques
Using SEARCH together with REPLACE:
Identify positions of spaces and determine text segments to replace/retain
Example of finding indices of spaces:
Searching for the first space gives position values that guide replacements or trims in text manipulation tasks
Example result:
Using calculated values to define how many characters to replace from the original text, thus ensuring correct outputs in formatted conversions