Terms

  1. Astronomy - scientific study of what is beyond the earth

  2. Celestial object - any object that exists in space

  3. Universe - everything that exists, including all energy, matter and space

  4. Star - massive collection of gasses held by its own gravity and emits huge amounts of energy

  5. Luminous - producing or giving off light/ shining

  6. Sun - our star, an average star

  7. Scientific notation - putting numbers into manageable form

    • First number is between 1 and 9

    • The exponent is the number of decimal places

  8. Planet - a large round celestial object that travels around a star

  9. Solar system - the sun and everything that travels around it

  10. Satellite - a celestial object that travels around a planet or dwarf planet

  11. Orbit - the closed path of a celestial object or satellite as it travels around another celestial object

  12. Moon- a type of satellite

  13. Galaxy - a huge, rotating collection of gas, dust and billions of stars, planets, and other celestial objects

  14. Milky way - galaxy the Earth is in

8.2 - 8.3

  1. Corona - outer part of the sun’s atmosphere

  2. Sunspots - dark spots on the earth’s surface that are cooler than the area surrounding them

  3. Galileo Galilei - astronomer who lived approximately 400 years ago- the first to observe and study sunspots in detail

  4. Aurora Borealis - display of shifting colours in the northern sky caused by solar particles colliding with matter in the Earth’s upper atmosphere

  5. Aurora Australis - simultaneous display of Aurora Borealis in the southern pole

  6. Astronomical unit - approximately 150 million km

    • Average distance from the sun to earth

  7. Dwarf planet - a celestial object that orbits the sun and has a spherical shape but does not dominate its orbit

  8. Astroid - space rocks with metal found in a band called the “astroid belt” between Mars and Jupiter

  9. Meteoroid - pieces of rocky debris smaller than asteroids

  10. Meteor shower - when a number of meteors radiate from one point in the sky visibly on a certain date

  11. Comet - chunk of ice, dust, and rock that breaks down when it approaches the sun (the ice melts)

  12. Coma - a gaseous cloud when a comet sublimates from the sun’s heat

8.9 - 8.11

  1. Light pollution - pollution from manmade lights, often found near cities

  2. Artificial satellites - helps forecast the weather monitor agriculture, and in telecommunication technologies, navigation, assist military activities, and explore the universe

  3. Sputnik 1 - First artificial satellite sent by the Soviet Union

  4. Alouette 1 - Used to observe the Earth’s ionosphere

    • First satellites by Canada, placing us third in the space race

  5. RADARSAT - allows satellites to view all parts of the Earth in polar orbits

  6. GPS - a group of satellites that work together to determine the positions of given objects on the surface of the earth

Chapter 9

Miscellaneous

  1. Kuiper Belt - space past neptune and holds space junk

  2. Eris - dwarf okabet ub tge jyouer vekt

  3. Oort Cloud - most distant region of our solar system that is filled with icy objects of space debris

Chapter 9 Terms

  1. Light years - is a unit of distance, not time - the distance that light travels in a year

  2. Solar Mass

  3. Andromeda - Furthest thing we can see without technology, and are on a crash collision course with us where the Milky Way will be absorbed

  4. Edwin Hubble - first to see other galaxies but DID NOT make the Hubble telescope

  5. Dark matter Isn’t visible but must be there because of the way other objects interact and move/ makes up the majority of the universe

  6. Dark energy - isn’t visible but is responsible for the expansion of the universe/ is stronger than gravity

  7. Big Bang Theory