Energy and waste management

Waste management includes various practices for disposing of waste in a safe and environmentally friendly manner. Key methods are:

  • Landfills: Waste is buried to prevent contamination, manage disease, and avoid waste dispersion.

  • Incineration: Waste is burned, reducing it by 90%, producing heat, ash, and gases while generating energy.

  • Recycling: Waste is processed and reused, minimizing pollution and reducing waste in landfills and oceans.

  • Storage: Temporary holding of waste for later treatment or disposal, with specific protocols for hazardous waste to prevent leaks.

  • Disposal by the sea: Involves dumping waste into marine waters, creating gyres that harm marine habitats and life.

  • Exporting waste: Economic trade of waste for treatment or recycling from high-income to low-income countries, risking environmental harm in the latter.

Carbon Neutral Resources: fueis made with no net greenhouse gases

produced and leaves no carbon lootprint

This will reducing the reliance on fossil fucis

Exampie:

- Bioethanol

Increasing energy production toe meet demands

  • individual level: installing solar panels on the roof

  • Country levels: add renewable best for location and its conditions

Gov. Can invest in local energy projects to encourage their own countries development

  • Europe: encourage individuals to install wind or solar energy in homes & allow excess to be fed back to the grid for profit

Limited supplies > rationing

  • reducing energy levels in areas

  • Stopping energy for periods of time

  • Rolling blackout: power disruption when demand exceeds supply

    • Grid can function under pressure

Increasing cost for industries has resulted from rising energy costs and economic instability

  • job loss due to economic recession causes poor countries to be energy poor.

Changes in price of energy causes energy poverty

  • causes choice between essentials, decking standard of living

Poverty leads to the use of fuels that harm health

  • illness leads to job loss due; continues poverty cycle

  • Reduces life expectancy and literacy level causing strain on education and future employment

When country doesn’t have own energy demand needs to be met based on imported sources.

Energy wars trigger conflicts over the world

  • fossil fuel control & unequal distribution of energy

  • War over energy control

Energy security: the reliable availability of energy sources at an affordable price with a consideration of the environmental impact

  • long term: supply of energy that is in line with economic development and environmental needs

  • Short term: systems that react promptly to sudden changes in the supply-demand balance

Increasing population and higher standard of living= causes strain on electricity supply

Climate change causes pressure on HIC to combat CO2

HIC have higher demand of energy due to industrialization (technology)

Geographic distribution affects availability

  • if not in your region then must get from imports

Conflict: distribution to rest of world can limit supply and increase prices

Natural disasters: distribution can be limited and damage energy systems

Political instability, terrorism, and piracy: energy products are stolen and damaged causing lack of access.

Waste management is crucial for environmentally friendly disposal of waste. Key methods include:

  • Landfills: Burial of waste to prevent contamination and disease.

  • Incineration: Burning waste to reduce its volume by 90%, generating energy but producing ash and gases.

  • Recycling: Reprocessing waste to minimize pollution and landfill use.

  • Storage: Temporary holding of waste with protocols for hazardous materials to prevent leaks.

  • Disposal by the sea: Dumping waste into marine waters, detrimental to marine ecosystems.

  • Exporting waste: Trade of waste for treatment, often harming low-income countries.

Energy Management:

  • Promoting carbon-neutral resources like bioethanol and solar panels helps reduce fossil fuel reliance.

  • Energy security encompasses reliable access to energy at affordable prices while considering environmental impacts.

  • Challenges such as rising energy costs, energy poverty, and geopolitical conflicts affect energy access globally.