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Mast Cell Soluble Products

  • Class of Product: Determines various biological effects.

Enzymatic Products

  • Tryptase, chymase:

    • Function: Remodel connective tissue matrix.

  • Pre-cathepsin G, carboxypeptidase:

    • Effect: Poison parasites (contained in granules) and act as toxic mediators.

Early Mediators

  • Histamine and heparin:

    • Function: Increase vascular permeability, cause smooth muscle contraction.

  • TNF-a:

    • Origin: Some stored in granules.

    • Function: Promote inflammation, stimulate cytokine production by many cell types, activate endothelium.

Cytokines

  • IL-4, IL-13:

    • Function: Stimulate and amplify TH2-cell response.

Synthesized Mediators (Post Activation)

  • IL-3, IL-5, GM-CSF:

    • Function: Promote eosinophil production and activation after mast cell activation.

Chemokines

  • CCL3:

    • Effect: Attracts monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils.

Late or De Novo Mediators

  • Leukotrienes (C4, D4, E4):

    • Function: Increase vascular permeability, cause mucus secretion, and aid in smooth muscle contraction.

  • Platelet-activating factor:

    • Function: Amplifies production of lipid mediators, activates neutrophils, eosinophils, and platelets.