Comprehensive Intermediate Vocabulary Guide: Levels 3 & 4

Foods, Beverages, and Culinary Vocabulary

• 1. Doughnut / Donut [ˈdonət] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]
  • Definition: 甜甜圈 (A small fried cake of sweetened dough, typically ring-shaped or filled with jam or cream).
  • Exemplification: At the café, I got a cup of coffee, and a doughnut with chocolate frosting and sprinkles on it. (在這家咖啡店，我拿了一杯咖啡和一個有巧克力糖霜和碎片的甜甜圈。)

• 2. Dumpling [ˈdʌmplɪŋ] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]
  • Definition: 餃子 (A small piece of dough wrapped around a sweet or savory filling).
  • Exemplification: We decided to get some fried dumplings for dinner. Mine were stuffed with cabbage, while my sister's were stuffed with pork. (我們決定晚餐吃煎餃。我的是包高麗菜的，而我姐姐的是包豬肉的。)

• 10. Flavor [ˈflevɚ] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]; Transitive verb vt.
  • Definitions:
  • n. [C]: 味道；口味 (The distinctive taste of a food or drink; synonym: taste).
  • vt.: 給…調味 (To give a particular taste, seasoning, or flavor to something).
  • Exemplifications:
  • As a noun: Which flavor of ice cream do you want: chocolate or vanilla? (你想吃哪種口味的冰淇淋，巧克力或是香草？)
  • As a verb: Kate flavored the fish with sugar and vinegar. (凱特用糖和醋給魚調味。)

• 11. Flour [flaʊr] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Uncountable noun n. [U]
  • Definition: 麵粉 (A fine, powdery ingredient obtained by grinding grain, especially wheat).
  • Exemplification: Leo prefers healthy types of bread that are made with whole-wheat flour and other grains as their main ingredient. (里歐較喜愛由全麥麵粉和其他穀物為主要材料所製成的健康麵包。)

• 25. Jelly [ˈdʒɛli] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Uncountable noun n. [U]
  • Definition: 果凍 (A sweet, clear, semi-solid gelatinous dessert or spread).
  • Exemplification: I would like to have some almond jelly for dessert. (我想吃杏仁凍當飯後甜點。)

• 28. Juicy [ˈdʒusɪ] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Adjective adj.
  • Definition: 多汁的 (Full of juice; succulent and moist).
  • Exemplification: The steak was cooked to perfection as the meat was tender and juicy. (這牛排烹調得很完美，肉又嫩又多汁。)

• 32. Lemonade [ˌlɛməˈned] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable / Uncountable noun n. [C, U]
  • Definition: 檸檬水 (A refreshing beverage made from lemon juice, sweetened water, and ice).
  • Nutritional & Health Context: Lemonade provides rich amounts of vitamin C and helps to improve skin quality.
  • Exemplification: Lemonade provides rich amounts of vitamin C and helps to improve skin quality. (檸檬水提供豐富的維他命C，有助於改善膚質。)

• 33. Lettuce [ˈlɛtɪs] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable / Uncountable noun n. [C, U]
  • Definition: 萵苣；生菜 (A leafy green plant widely cultivated for use as a salad base).
  • Culinary Pairing Context: Caesar salad is an internationally recognized preparation that combines crisp lettuce with a specialized lemon juice dressing.
  • Exemplification: Caesar salad is a popular kind of salad that mixes lettuce with lemon juice dressing. (凱撒沙拉是一種很受歡迎的沙拉，它把生菜和檸檬汁調醬混和在一起。)

• 36. Liquor [ˈlɪkɚ] (Level 4)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable / Uncountable noun n. [C, U]
  • Definition: 烈酒 (Distilled alcoholic beverage; strong spirits).
  • Collocation: hard liquor (烈酒).
  • Exemplification: Drinking a lot of hard liquor can damage our health. (喝太多烈酒會危害健康。)

• 37. Loaf [lof] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]
  • Morphology & Irregular Plural: The plural form is loaves (loaf $\rightarrow$ loaves).
  • Definition: 一條（麵包） (A shaped mass of bread baked in one piece).
  • Exemplification: In the bakery, many loaves of bread are being baked in the oven. (在麵包店，許多麵包正在烤箱中烘烤。)

• 38. Lollipop [ˈlɑlɪˌpɑp] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]
  • Definition: 棒棒糖 (A hard piece of candy fastened on the end of a small stick).
  • Exemplification: My mother doesn't want me to have lollipops or any other candy because they will damage my teeth. (我媽不要我吃棒棒糖或其他糖果，因為這些東西會損壞我的牙齒。)

• 40. Melon [ˈmɛlən] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable / Uncountable noun n. [C, U]
  • Definition: 甜瓜；瓜 (A large, round, sweet, fleshy fruit with a thick rind).
  • Exemplification: I made a fruit salad with strawberries, mangoes, grapes, and two kinds of melon. (我用草莓、芒果、葡萄和兩種甜瓜做了水果沙拉。)

• 42. Mushroom [ˈmʌʃrʊm] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]; Intransitive verb vi.
  • Definitions:
  • n. [C]: 洋菇；蕈 (A spore-producing fruiting body of a fungus, typically in the form of a capped stalk).
  • vi.: 急速增加 (To grow, expand, or multiply at a remarkably rapid pace; synonym: spring up).
  • Safety Caveat: Not all mushroom species found in the wild are non-toxic; individuals must exercise extreme caution and never forage and consume unknown wild fungi in nature.
  • Exemplifications:
  • As a noun: Not all mushrooms are edible, so never pick and eat them in the forest. (並非所有的蕈類皆可食用，所以不要在森林裡採食它們。)
  • As a verb: The city is quickly developing with new buildings mushrooming everywhere. (隨著新的建築物如雨後春筍般出現在各處，城市正迅速發展中。)

Domestic Infrastructure, Residential Living, and Appliances

• 4. Elevator [ˈɛləˌvetɚ] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]
  • Definition: 電梯 (A platform or compartment housed in a shaft for raising and lowering people or things to different floors).
  • Exemplification: We got into the elevator and pressed the button to go to the 23rd floor, hoping the ride up wouldn't take long. (我們進到電梯內並按按鈕到23樓，希望上去的時間不會太久。)

• 9. Fireplace [ˈfaɪrˌples] (Level 4)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]
  • Definition: 壁爐 (A designated, recessed brick or stone architectural space constructed in a room to contain an open domestic fire).
  • Exemplification: Greg knew that someone had been in the house because the coals in the fireplace were still glowing. (葛瑞格知道剛才有人在屋子裡，因為壁爐裡的煤塊還是熱的。)

• 12. Freezer [ˈfrizɚ] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]
  • Definition: 冷凍櫃 (A thermally insulated compartment or appliance maintained below freezing point for storing perishable foods).
  • Exemplification: Grace has a large turkey in the freezer, which she plans to cook for Thanksgiving dinner next month. (葛蕾斯的冷凍櫃裡有隻很大的火雞，這是她計劃下個月感恩節晚餐要煮的。)

• 13. Furnish [ˈfɝnɪʃ] (Level 4)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Transitive verb vt.
  • Definition: 布置 (To provide a room, apartment, or house with furniture, decorations, and domestic fittings).
  • Exemplification: Martin's new house is furnished in the Victorian style. (馬丁的新家布置成維多利亞風格。)

• 17. Heater [ˈhitɚ] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]
  • Definition: 暖氣；暖爐 (A mechanical device or apparatus designed to warm an enclosed space).
  • Antonym: cooler (製冷設備；冷卻器).
  • Exemplification: It will feel much warmer inside the car if you turn on the heater. (如果你打開暖氣的話，車內會更暖和。)

• 19. Household [ˈhaʊsˌhold] (Level 4)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]; Adjective adj.
  • Definitions:
  • n. [C]: 一家人；家庭 (A family or group of individuals residing collectively under one roof; synonym: family).
  • adj.: 家庭的 (Relating to the domestic environment, house, or family operations).
  • High-Frequency Collocations & Idiomatic Expressions:
  • household chores (家務)
  • household appliances (家電)
  • household expenses (家庭支出 / 開銷)
  • low-income household (低收入戶)
  • one-parent household (單親家庭)
  • a household name / word (家喻戶曉的名字 / 詞語)
  • the head of the household (一家之主)
  • Exemplifications:
  • As a noun: The charitable organization is collecting money for low-income households. (那個慈善團體正在為低收入戶募款。)
  • As an adjective: Household expenses, such as water and electricity, tend to be higher in summer. (夏天時，像水費及電費等家庭開支會較高。)

• 20. Housework [ˈhaʊsˌwɝk] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Uncountable noun n. [U]
  • Definition: 家務；家事 (The routine domestic tasks involved in cleaning, washing, and general maintenance of a home).
  • Exemplification: Lydia's husband told her that he would share the housework. (莉迪亞的先生說他會分擔家務。)

• 21. Hut [hʌt] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]
  • Definition: 簡陋小屋；茅舍 (A small, rudimentary, single-story shelter or cabin; synonym: cabin).
  • Exemplification: The poor old man lived in a little wooden hut. (那位可憐的老人住在一間簡陋的小木屋裡。)

• 41. Microwave [ˈmaɪkrəˌwev] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]; Transitive verb vt.
  • Definitions:
  • n. [C]: 微波爐；微波 (An electromagnetic oven that cooks or reheats food rapidly by high-frequency electromagnetic waves).
  • vt.: 微波 (To heat or cook food items using a microwave oven).
  • Exemplifications:
  • As a noun: Terry took his lunch out of the fridge and heated it up in the microwave. (泰瑞從冰箱裡拿出午餐，放進微波爐加熱。)
  • As a verb: Esther microwaved the cold pizza for a minute so that she could eat it hot. (艾絲特把冷掉的披薩微波了一分鐘，這樣才能吃到熱披薩。)

Textiles, Apparel, and Personal Accessories

• 3. Dye [daɪ] (Level 4)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Transitive verb vt.; Countable / Uncountable noun n. [C, U]
  • Morphology & Verb Conjugation: dye $\rightarrow$ dyed $\rightarrow$ dyed $\rightarrow$ dyeing
  • Definitions:
  • vt.: 染色 (To impregnate or treat textile materials, fabrics, or surfaces with color; synonym: color).
  • n. [C, U]: 染料 (A natural or synthetic chemical substance used to impart color).
  • Exemplifications:
  • As a verb: The sunset dyed the sky red. (夕陽染紅了天空。)
  • As a noun: Rose used some blue dye to change the color of her T-shirts. (蘿絲用了一些藍色染料把自己的T恤染成藍色。)

• 15. Gown [ɡaʊn] (Level 4)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]
  • Definition: （長）禮服 (A long, formal, elegant dress worn on celebratory, festive, or special ceremonial occasions).
  • Exemplification: My sister wore a white gown to the formal party. (我姊姊穿了一件白色禮服去參加那場正式的宴會。)

• 29. Knit [nɪt] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Transitive verb vt.
  • Morphology & Verb Conjugation: knit $\rightarrow$ knitted $\rightarrow$ knitted $\rightarrow$ knitting (also archaic/alternate base past: knit)
  • Definition: 編織 (To interlock loops of wool, yarn, or thread using knitting needles or machines to construct garments).
  • Exemplification: Joan is knitting a sweater for her son. (瓊安正在為她兒子編織毛衣。)

• 30. Laundry [ˈlɔndrɪ] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]; Uncountable noun n. [U]
  • Definitions:
  • n. [C]: 洗衣店 (A commercial business or establishment where garments and linens are washed and dried).
  • n. [U]: 待洗、已洗或送洗的衣物 (Clothes and linens that need to be washed, are being washed, or have just been washed).
  • Exemplifications:
  • As a countable noun (establishment): Sarah is so busy these days that she sends her dirty clothes to the laundry. (莎拉最近很忙，忙到得把髒衣服送洗。)
  • As an uncountable noun (wash-load/clothes): Eric does his laundry on Sundays as this is his only free day. (週日是艾瑞克唯一有空的日子，所以他都在這天洗衣服。)

• 31. Leather [ˈlɛðɚ] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Uncountable noun n. [U]
  • Definition: 皮革 (A resilient and flexible material manufactured through the tanning of raw animal skins and hides).
  • Comparative Lexical Distinction (Leather vs. Fur vs. Hair):
  • Leather: 加工過的皮革製品 (Refers strictly to processed, chemically tanned hide or skin products).
    • Leather products are made from the skins of animals. (真皮商品由動物的皮製成。)
  • Fur: 動物身上的毛皮 (The soft, hairy coat covering mammal skin, frequently sought after in pelt trade).
    • Some animals are hunted for their fur. (有些動物因其毛皮而遭到獵殺。)
  • Hair: 毛髮 (Strands of protein filaments growing directly from the dermis of humans or animals).
    • Sue has short curly hair. (蘇留著短捲髮。)

• 35. Linen [ˈlɪnən] (Level 4)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Uncountable noun n. [U]
  • Definition: 亞麻；亞麻布 (A lightweight, breathable fabric woven from the fibers of the flax plant).
  • Seasonal Utility: Garments made from linen are particularly well-suited for high-temperature climates due to their light weave and cooling texture.
  • Literal Exemplification: Clothes made of linen are very suitable for wearing on hot summer days. (亞麻布製成的衣服很適合在炎熱的夏天穿。)
  • Idiomatic Phrase:
  • wash one's dirty linen (in public): 使家醜外揚 (To discuss, display, or argue about private, confidential, or embarrassing personal disputes in an open or public setting).
  • Jane broke up with Allen after she discovered he was always washing their dirty linen in public. (珍跟艾倫分手了，因為她發現艾倫總是在外宣揚他們之間不可告人的事。)

• 44. Necktie [ˈnɛkˌtaɪ] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]
  • Definition: 領帶 (A decorative narrow strip of cloth worn around the neck underneath a shirt collar and tied in a knot at the front).
  • Exemplification: Hank wore a blue necktie to go with his suit. (漢克打了一條藍色領帶搭配他的西裝。)

Transportation, Travel Terminology, and Mobility

• 6. Fare [fɛr] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]
  • Definition: 車費；票價 (The specified financial charge or tariff required for traveling on a bus, train, aircraft, or taxi).
  • Exemplification: What is the bus fare from Taichung to Kaohsiung? (從臺中到高雄的客運票價是多少？)

• 8. Ferry [ˈfɛrɪ] (Level 4; Exam Reference: 90)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]
  • Definition: 渡輪 (A designated commercial vessel engineered to transport passengers and cargo across bodies of water on a regular route).
  • Exemplification: They waited for the ferry to return so they could cross the river. (他們等待渡輪返回，以便渡河。)

• 18. Helicopter [ˈhɛləˌkɑptɚ] (Level 4)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]
  • Definition: 直升機 (An aircraft configured with horizontally rotating blades that permit vertical takeoff and landing).
  • Exemplification: Some skiers use helicopters to get to remote mountain slopes. (有些滑雪客會搭直升機至偏遠的山坡滑雪。)

• Jeep (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]
  • Definition: 吉普車 (A sturdy, high-clearance, four-wheel-drive motor vehicle built for rough, off-road terrain).
  • Exemplification: The man jumped into his jeep and quickly drove up the hill. (那位男人跳進他的吉普車，迅速駛上山坡。)

• 26. Jet [dʒɛt] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]
  • Definition: 噴射（機） (An aircraft propelled at high velocity by jet engines).
  • Exemplification: We traveled to Paris by jet on my wife's birthday. (我跟我太太在她生日那天一起搭噴射機到巴黎渡假。)

• 27. Journey [ˈdʒɝnɪ] (Level 3; Exam References: 103, 104, 105)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]
  • Definition: 旅行；行程 (A long-distance traveling endeavor between destinations; synonym: trip).
  • Collocation / Set Phrase: make a journey (進行旅行 / 旅行).
  • Exemplifications:
  • General noun: Phil went on a journey around Italy for ten days last year. (菲爾去年到義大利旅行十天。)
  • Phrasal pattern: The couple made a journey across the Sahara on camels. (那對夫妻騎駱駝橫越撒哈拉沙漠旅行。)

• Comprehensive Semantic Distinctions of Travel & Journey Synonyms:

  • Journey: 通常指搭乘陸上交通工具的長途旅行 (Extended long-distance travel, conventionally conducted overland or by land transport).
  • Voyage: 通常表示乘船或到外太空的長途旅行 (A prolonged expedition undertaken across extensive ocean bodies by ship or through outer space).
  • The ship set sail from Plymouth, England on a voyage to China. (這艘船從英格蘭的普利茅斯啟航前往中國。)
  • Travel: 表示從某地到另一地的動作 (The comprehensive act, activity, or general process of shifting location from one territory to another).
  • Air travel is my favorite way to move between countries because it's quick and easy. (搭機旅行是我在各國間穿梭最喜愛的方式，因為既快速又簡便。)
  • Trip: 通常表示兩地間的短程旅行，或是停留時間較短的旅行 (A brief journey taken between specified locations, or travel featuring a relatively short duration of stay).
  • Simon is planning a trip to Vietnam next month for his vacation. (賽門正在規劃下個月前往越南度假的旅行。)
  • Flight: 表示搭乘飛機的旅行 (A specific voyage or passage performed aboard an airborne commercial aircraft).
  • All flights to Chicago today are canceled due to severe thunderstorms. (由於猛烈的雷雨，今天飛往芝加哥的所有班機皆已取消。)
  • Tour: 通常表示參觀、遊覽，也可指巡迴表演 (An itinerary organized to explore multiple sights and attractions within a city or region, or an artist/group's traveling circuit of performances).
  • We joined a sightseeing tour of the city when we went to Vancouver. (我們去溫哥華時參加了該城市的觀光導覽團。)
  • Cruise: 通常表示乘船遊歷 (A leisurely, recreational ocean or river voyage that visits several designated ports along a predefined itinerary).
  • Rita and Joe went on a cruise on the Mekong River during their honeymoon. (麗塔與喬在蜜月期間參加了湄公河的乘船巡遊。)
  • Expedition: 尤指探險或遠征 (An organized, arduous journey executed by a dedicated team with a specific scientific, mapping, or exploratory objective).
  • Alice led an expedition into a Malaysian rainforest for her scientific study. (愛麗絲為了其科學研究，率領了一支遠征探險隊深入馬來西亞雨林。)

Essential Concepts, Civic Movements, and Daily Human Activities

• 5. Essential [ɪˈsɛnʃəl] (Level 4; Exam References: 96, 99, 103, 104, 108, 109)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Adjective adj.; Countable noun n. [C]
  • Definitions:
  • adj.: 必要的；不可或缺的 (Absolutely necessary, fundamental, or indispensable; synonym: necessary; antonyms: unimportant, unnecessary).
  • n. [C]: 必需品 (A fundamental item or requisite element indispensable for maintenance of life or activity; synonym: necessity).
  • Core Exemplifications:
  • As an adjective: A passport is essential when we travel abroad. (我們出國旅遊時，護照是不可或缺的。)
  • As a noun: Food, shelter, and clothing are essentials for living. (食物、居所和衣物是生活的基本需要。)
  • Syntactic Structural Formulations:
  • Pattern 1: it is essential + to V
    • If you want to go to a good college, it's essential to study hard every day. (如果你想考上一所優秀的大學，每天努力讀書是必要的。)
  • Pattern 2: Subjunctive Formulation: it is essential (that) + S (+ should) + V (…至關重要)
    • Requires a bare infinitive / base verb in the subordinate content clause following the omission of should.
    • It is essential that everyone wear safety equipment during this dangerous activity. (在這項危險的活動中，每個人都必須佩戴安全裝備，這一點至關重要。)
  • Morphological Derivatives & Idiomatic Phrases:
  • Essence n. [U]: 本質；精油 (The fundamental nature or intrinsic quality of something; concentrated botanical extract).
  • In essence: 本質上；實質上 (Synonymous with the adverb essentially).
  • Though the professor's speech covered many topics, it was in essence / essentially about global warming. (雖然教授的演講涵蓋了許多主題，但其本質上是關於全球暖化。)

• 7. Fence [fɛns] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]
  • Definition: 柵欄；籬笆 (An outdoor barrier constructed of wood, wire, or metal designed to enclose or prevent entrance).
  • Literal Exemplification: The rancher put a high fence around his land so no wild animals could come in and attack his cows. (這位牧場主在他的土地上放上高柵欄，這樣就沒有野生動物可以進入攻擊他的乳牛群。)
  • Idiomatic Phrase:
  • sit on the fence: 保持中立；猶豫不定 (To refrain from taking sides, committing to a stance, or choosing between competing options).
  • I've gotten acceptance letters from both my top schools, so I'm sitting on the fence about which one I should attend. (我從我兩間最想讀的學校都有獲得錄取函，因此我猶豫不定，不知該選擇哪間學校。)

• 14. Gear [ɡɪr] (Level 4)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Uncountable noun n. [U]
  • Definition: 裝備 (Apparatus, clothing, or specialized equipment required for a specified profession or sport; synonym: equipment).
  • Exemplification: Norman wants to go fishing but doesn't have any gear besides fishing boots. (諾曼想去釣魚，但除了釣魚用的橡膠鞋外沒有其他裝備。)

• 16. Grocery [ˈɡrosərɪ] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]
  • Definitions:
  • 1. n. [C] (Standardly deployed in the plural: groceries): 食品雜貨 (Items of food and domestic commodities purchased at stores).
    • Danny went shopping for his weekly groceries but forgot to buy milk and bread. (丹尼去買他每週要買的食品雜貨，但忘了買牛奶和麵包。)
  • 2. n. [C]: 雜貨店 (A store retailing food supplies and household goods; synonym: grocery store).
    • Danny stopped at the grocery on his way home and got some milk and bread. (丹尼在回家途中，順便到雜貨店買些牛奶和麵包。)

• 22. Immigrate [ˈɪməˌɡret] (Level 4; Exam Reference: 115)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Intransitive verb vi.
  • Definition: 移居入境 (To permanently relocate and establish permanent residency into a new country; synonym: settle; antonym: emigrate [移居國外]).
  • Exemplification: During the past ten years, many foreigners have immigrated to my country. (過去十年來，有許多外國人移民到我國。)

• 23. Immigration [ˌɪməˈɡreʃən] (Level 4)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable / Uncountable noun n. [C, U]
  • Definition: 移居 (The administrative movement and entrance of individuals into foreign sovereign territories for permanent residence; antonym: emigration).
  • Exemplification: After 911, the US government started to control immigration carefully. (在911恐怖攻擊事件之後，美國政府開始小心管控移民移入。)

• 34. Lick [lɪk] (Level 3)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Transitive verb vt.; Countable noun n. [C]
  • Definitions:
  • vt.: 舔 (To pass the tongue across the surface of an object or person).
  • n. [C]: 舔 (A stroke of the tongue applied across a surface).
  • Exemplification: Dogs show love toward their owners by licking their hands. (狗舔主人的手以表示對主人的愛。)

• 39. March [mɑrtʃ] (Level 3; Exam Reference: 103)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable / Uncountable noun n. [C, U]; Intransitive verb vi.
  • Definitions:
  • n. [C, U]: 示威遊行；行軍 (An organized procession of individuals moving forward in a unified group to demonstrate political support, protest, or train militarily; synonym: parade).
  • vi.: 示威遊行；行進 (To walk with deliberate, purposeful, uniform steps, or advance in a protest group).
  • Exemplifications:
  • As a noun: Supporters of the president will hold a march in Taipei next week. (總統的支持者下週將在臺北舉行遊行。)
  • As a verb: They marched into the office and demanded to see the manager. (他們大步走進辦公室，要求見經理。)

• 43. Nap [næp] (Level 3; Exam Reference: 108)

  • Part of Speech & Classification: Countable noun n. [C]; Intransitive verb vi.
  • Morphology & Verb Conjugation: nap $\rightarrow$ napped $\rightarrow$ napped $\rightarrow$ napping
  • Definitions:
  • n. [C]: 小睡 (A brief period of sleep, typically taken during daytime hours; synonym: doze).
  • vi.: 小睡；打盹 (To sleep lightly or briefly during the day; synonym: doze).
  • Cultural Institutional Context: Taiwanese elementary and secondary schools systematically incorporate post-lunch midday rests into their daily scheduled routines.
  • Exemplifications:
  • As a noun: In Taiwan, young students are required to take a nap after lunch. (在臺灣，中小學生依規定在午餐後要午休。)
  • As a verb: Tom stayed up dancing late last night, so he was very tired and napped at work this morning. (湯姆昨晚熬夜跳舞，所以今天早上他很累，上班時還打盹。)