APUSH history period 1 vocabulary

Maize An early form of corn grown by Native Americans Mixed Economy An economy in which private enterprise exists in combination with a considerable amount of government regulation and promotion. Hunter-gatherer People who hunt animals and gather wild plants, seeds, fruits, and nuts to survive Caste System A Hindu social class system that controlled every aspect of daily life Encomienda System A system whereby the Spanish crown granted the conquerors the right to forcibly employ groups of Indians; it was a disguised form of slavery. Joint-Stock Company A company made up of a group of shareholders. Each shareholder contributes some money to the company and receives some share of the company's profits and debts. Bartoleme De Las Casas a Spanish priest who became famous for trying to defend the Native Indians, and improve their treatment; he said Jesus died for them Juan de Sepulveda a humanist scholar that argues that history has shown that the Spaniards are a superior civilization and they have a right to rule the natives and if they resist then they should be crushed brutally. Conquest, Colinization, and Evangilize. Spanish Mission System christianized natives by taking them out of their communties to form closely watched ones Maroon Communities Self-governing communities of escaped slaves common in the early modern Caribbean and in coastal areas of Central and South America. Asiento System System that took slaves to the New World to work for the Spanish. Required that a tax be paid to the Spanish ruler for each slave brought over. Hernan Cortes Spanish explorer that took control of the Aztec empire Fransisco Pizarro Spanish explorer who led the conquest of the Inca Empire of Peru in 1531-1533. Protestant Reformation A religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches. Treaty of Tordesillas 1494 agreement authorized by the pope, dividing all discoveries in the New World btwn Spain & Portugal; other European countries soon ignored this agreement and claimed their own territories. Slave Trade European trade agreement with Africa dealing with slaves brought from Africa. Integral part of Triangle Trade between the Americas, Africa, and Europe. Iroquois Confederation The league of Indian tribes in the Northeast that fought with the English in the French-Indian War and supported the Loyalists in the America Revolution. John Cabot English explorer who claimed Newfoundland for England while looking for Northwest Passage Jacques Cartier 1535, French explorer sailed up to St. Lawrence river hoping it would lead to the Pacific Ocean Henry Hudson An English explorer who explored for the Dutch. He claimed the Hudson River around present day New York and called it New Netherland. He also had the Hudson Bay named for him Valladolid Debate debate between Sepulveda and las Casas in 1550; Indians naturally inferior versus benevolent colonialism; Disputatia Epidemic A widespread outbreak of an infectious disease. Anasazi A Native American who lived in what is now southern Colorado and Utah and northern Arizona and New Mexico and who built cliff dwellings Pueblo a communal village built by Indians in the southwestern United States Compass sympathy for another's suffering; pity Lakota Sioux Nomadic tribe that followed Bison. Based in Great plains. Sitting Bull is a famous chief. Fight with the US in Dakotas, end up getting crushed. Massacred at Wounded Knee