Networking and Internet: HTML

Hypertext markup language(HTML). The HTML source document consists of two sections- a head (surrounded by the and tags) and a body (surrounded by the and tags). The distinction between the head and body of a web page is similar to that of the head and embody of an interoffice memo. In both cases, the head contains preliminary information about the document. The body contains the meat of the document, which is the material to be represented on the computer screen when the page is displayed. The head of the webpage displayed contains only the title of the document (surrounded by “title” tags). This title is only for documentation purposes; it is not part of the page that is to be displayed on the computer screen. Being a level-one - heading means that the browser should display this text prominently on the screen. The next entry in the body is the paragraph of text (surrounded by

and </> tags) containing the text ‘‘Click here for another page’’.Let us suppose then that word here is clicked, we want the browser to retrieve and display the page at the URL https://crafty.com/demo.html. To do so, we must first surround the word here in the source version of the page with tags and , which are called anchor tags. Inside the opening anchor tag, we insert the parameter href= http://crafty.com/demo.html.Having added the anchor tags the webpage will now appear on a computer screen. Thus, it is using anchor tags that the web pages are linked to each other. Finally, we should indicate how an image could be included in our simple webpage. For this purpose let us suppose that a JPEG encoding of the image we want to include is stored as the film named OurPic.jpg in the directory Images.com and is available via the web server at that location. Under these conditions, we can tell a browser to display the image at the top of the webpage by inserting the image tag immediately after the tag in the HTML source document. This tells the browser that the image named OurPic.jpg should be displayed at the beginning of the document. If we move the image tag to the end of the document just before thetag then the browser would display the image at the bottom of the webpage.