Biology 4th Q

SKELETAL SYSTEM 1. Physical Therapy Session Juan is visiting a physical therapist because his wrist and shoulder hurt. The therapist helps him “crack” his joints and stretches the surrounding muscles. Which type of bones are primarily being focused on? A. Axial bones B. Appendicular bones C. Flat bones D. Irregular bones 2. Larry is a basketball player, and he fell during a game and fractured one of his bones. After analyzing, the doctor said he might not be able to lift things up and reach objects for a while. Which damaged part of the skeletal system is being described? A. Foot Bones B. Ribcage C. Shoulder Girdle D. Skull 3. Daniel was too dedicated to playing the game Valorant, which made him unaware of his posture. During his X-ray check-up, the doctor found out that Daniel's spine had been abnormally shaped like the letter C. What skeletal disorder is being described? A. Scoliosis B. Osteoporosis C. Fracture D. Paget's Disease 4. The police discovered human bones at a crime scene. They are examining each damaged bone to identify the cause of death of the victim. The police found out that the bone part that protects the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels had been dislocated, which made the victim vulnerable. The police added that this bone is part of the axial skeleton. Which bone part is being described? A. Arm Bones B. Pelvis C. Leg Bones D. Ribs 5. Jane is preparing a medical exam for the field of osteology. She encountered a practice question asking, "Which of the following is a main function of the skeletal system?" What should Jane answer? A. Pump blood throughout the body B. Support and protect organs, enable movement, and produce blood cells C. Digest food and absorb nutrients D. Produce hormones ANSWERS! 1). B. Appendicular Bones 2). C. Shoulder Girdle 3). A. Scoliosis 4). D. Ribs 5). B. Support and protect organs, enable movement, and produce blood cells. � � NERVOUS SYSTEM 1. While sleeping, Simone’s heart continues to beat and her breathing remains normal. Which part of the brainstem is responsible for sleeping and breathing regulation? A. Midbrain B. Pons C. Frontal Lobe D. None of the above 2. You accidentally touch a hot pan and quickly pull your hand away. Which part of the nervous system mainly helped you react fast? A. Cerebrum B. Brain stem C. Cerebellum D. Spinal cord 3. Stacey is frightened when a dog suddenly runs towards her. Her heart rate increases, breathing becomes faster, and their palms sweat without conscious control. Which part of the autonomic system triggers this fight or flight response? A. Sympathetic System B. Somatic System C. Parasympathetic System D. Enteric System 4. Bella noticed that there are some actions she doesn’t do on purpose nor have a conscious control on. This is an example of? A. Autonomic System B. Involuntary Movements C. Reflexes D. Parasympathetic System 5. Simone decides to raise her hand to answer a question in class. Which system controls this voluntary movement? A. Autonomic nervous system B. Somatic nervous system C. Sympathetic nervous system D. Brain stem � � MASCULAR SYSTEM Which of these is a defining characteristic of involuntary muscles? a. They only include the muscles in your arms and legs. b. They must be consciously controlled to function. c. They operate automatically to maintain vital body functions. d. They are always attached directly to bones. Where in the body would you most likely find smooth muscles? a. Nervous system, and Circulatory system b. Inside the heart c. Attached to the ribs d. Digestive system and blood vessels This happens when a muscle is overstretched or partially torn a. Muscle cramps b. Muscular dystrophy c. Muscle Strain d. Tendonitis The pectorals are the key muscles in the chest. Which movement do they primarily facilitate? a. Stabilize the spine b. Pushing movements c. Lifting and grabbing d. Rotating arms This happens when a muscle produces force but does not change its length? a. Isometric contraction b. Eccentric contraction c. Isotonic contraction d. Concentric contraction � � URINARY SYSTEM 1. Alex drinks a large glass of water and feels the need to pee. Which part of the urinary system stores urine until then? A) Kidney B) Ureter C) Bladder D) Urethra Answer: C) Bladder 2. Emma drinks water after playing basketball. Her kidneys remove extra water and waste from her blood. Which function is this? A) Hormone production B) Filtration and excretion C) Digestion D) Absorption Answer: B Filtration and excretion 3. John’s kidneys cannot filter his blood properly. Waste builds up, and he feels tired and swollen. What condition does he have? A) Hydronephrosis B) Chronic Kidney Disease C) Hydroureter D) Urinary Tract Infection Answer: B Chronic Kidney Disease 4. In males, the urethra is part of the urinary and reproductive systems. What extra function does it have compared to females? A) Transport urine only B) Store urine C) Carry sperm D) Filter blood Answer: C) Carry sperm 5. What happens if a kidney is damaged and cannot filter blood? A) Bladder stops working B) Waste and fluid build up in the body C) Urethra filters blood D) Ureters shrink Answer: B Waste and fluid build up in the body INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM � � 1. Jake stays outdoors for a long time, but his scalp is protected from direct sunlight because of his hair. What is the purpose of hair in this situation? A. Regulating body temperature B. Protecting the scalp from sunlight and injury C. Enhancing sensation D. Preventing moisture 2. Ben accidentally pushes his cuticle too hard and feels pain near the base of his nail where growth starts. Which nail part is responsible for nail growth? A. Nail plate B. Nail bed C. Matrix D. Lunula 3. Ella learns that the skin has three layers. Which of the following shows the correct order of skin layers? A. Dermis, Epidermis, Hypodermis B. Hypodermis, Dermis, Epidermis C. Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis D. Epidermis, Hypodermis, Dermis 4. White flakes fall from John’s scalp onto his shoulders. What hair condition is this? A. Hirsutism B. Alopecia C. Dandruff D. Hair loss 5. A mother feeds her newborn baby using milk produced after childbirth. Which gland is responsible for producing milk? A. Sudoriferous gland B. Sebaceous gland C. Ceruminous gland D. Mammary gland ANSWER KEY: 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. D � � DIGESTIVE SYSTEM The stomach plays a crucial role in digestion. Which of the following is the main function of the stomach? A. Absorption of nutrients B. Breakdown of food C. Production of bile D. Regulation of blood sugar This organ is the primary site for nutrient absorption. What is the longest part of the digestive system? A. Esophagus B. Rectum C. Small intestine D. Large intestine The liver produces fluid that aids in the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine. What fluid is this? A. Renin B. Saliva C. Stomach D. Bile A person experiences frequent heartburn and irritation in the chest after eating spicy food. Which digestive disorder are they most likely experiencing? A. Gastritis B. Acid reflux C. Constipation D. Food poisoning Carlo feels bloated and experiences stomach pain after eating a large pizza with cheese. Which digestive organ is most responsible for breaking down the fats in the cheese? A. Stomach B. Pancreas C. Gallbladder D. Large intestine � � RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 1. Rohann accidentally inhales smoke and starts coughing repeatedly. Why is coughing important in this situation? A. It helps produce sound B. It removes irritants from the airway C. It increases oxygen in the blood D. It controls breathing speed Answer: B 2. Marlea takes a deep breath before diving underwater. Which muscle mainly helps the lungs expand during inhalation? A. Heart B. Diaphragm C. Trachea D. Bronchi Answer: B 3. Elizabeth runs several laps and begins breathing faster. Why does this happen? A. The lungs get tired B. The body needs more oxygen for energy C. Carbon dioxide turns into oxygen D. The heart stops pumping Answer: B 4. Precious coughs when food “goes down the wrong way.” Which structure helps prevent this? A. Pharynx B. Larynx C. Alveoli D. Bronchioles Answer: B 5. A singer takes a deep breath before singing. Which part helps produce sound? A. Trachea B. Diaphragm C. Larynx D. Alveoli Answer: C � � CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 1. A doctor explains that blood flows in one direction inside the heart. What structure prevents blood from flowing backward? A. Chambers B. Arteries C. Valves D. Veins 2. Blood from the body enters the heart carrying carbon dioxide. Which chamber receives this deoxygynated blood first? A. Left Atrium B. Left Ventricle C. Right Atrium D. Right Ventricle 3. A person gets tired easily, feels short of breath, and has swollen legs. The doctor says the heart is not pumping enough blood. What condition is this? A. Arrythmia B. Heart Failure C. Coronary Artery Disease D. Stroke 4. After eating lunch, your body sends nutrients to different parts of the body. Which system helps transport these nutrients through the blood? A. Digestive System B. Respiratory System C. Nervous System D. Cardiovascular System 5. Which are the main parts of the cardiovascular system? A. Heart, lungs, and brain B. Heart, blood vessels, and blood C. Bones, muscles, and blood D. Stomach, heart, and lungs � � REPRO SYSTEM 1. Which organ in the male reproductive system is responsible for producing sperm cells and the hormone testosterone? A. Scrotum B. Testes C. Epididymis D. Vas deferens 2. Which hormone prepares the uterus for pregnancy and helps maintain it after fertilization? A. Estrogen B. Testosterone C. Progesterone D. Insulin 3. A teenage boy notices voice deepening, muscle development, and growth of facial hair during puberty. Which hormone is mainly responsible for these changes? A. Estrogen B. Testosterone C. Progesterone D. Oxytocin 4. A girl’s menstrual cycle has started, and the uterine lining is thickening in preparation for possible pregnancy. If fertilization does not occur, what will most likely happen next? A. The egg will return to the ovary B. The uterine lining will be shed as menstruation C. The uterus will stop functioning D. The fallopian tubes will close 5. Where does fertilization usually take place in the female reproductive system? A. Uterus B. Cervix C. Vagina D. Fallopian tubes ANSWER KEY: 1. B. Testes 2. C. Progesterone 3. B Testosterone 4. B. The uterine lining will be shed as menstruation 5. D. Fallopian Tube ENDOCRINE SYSTEM ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 1. Tyga feels hungry and sleepy at different times of the day. Which gland helps control hunger and sleep? A. Hypothalamus B. Thyroid C. Pancreas D. Adrenal glands 2. Josh is growing too fast for his age. Which gland controls growth? A. hypothalamus B. Pituitary gland C. Adrenal gland D. Thyroid gland 3. Wally feels tired and gains weight easily. Which gland controls metabolism? A. hypothalamus B. Pancreas C. Thyroid Gland D. Testes 4. Bridget has high blood sugar and needs insulin. Which gland makes insulin? A. Ovaries B. Adrenal glands C. Pituitary gland D. Pancreas 5. Vincent feels scared and his heart beats fast. Which gland helps in stress situations? A. Adrenal glands B. Thyroid gland C. Parathyroid glands D. Testes