Political Science

UNHRC Political Science

  • Standard Twelve

The Constitution of India

Chapter IV A: Fundamental Duties

  • Article 51A: It is the duty of every citizen of India to:

    • (a) Abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem;

    • (b) Cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired India's national struggle for freedom;

    • (c) Uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India;

    • (d) Defend the country and render national service when called upon;

    • (e) Promote harmony and the spirit of brotherhood among all people of India transcending diversities;

    • (f) Value and preserve the rich heritage of India's composite culture;

    • (g) Protect and improve the natural environment, including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife;

    • (h) Develop the scientific temper, humanism, and spirit of inquiry and reform;

    • (i) Safeguard public property and abjure violence;

    • (j) Strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity;

    • (k) Provide opportunities for education to children between the age of six and fourteen years.

Coordination Committee Approval

  • The coordination committee formed by G.R.No.Abhyas-2116/(pra.kra43/16)SD-4 dated 25.4.2016 approved this textbook on 30.1.2020 for implementation in the academic year 2020-2021.

  • The digital textbook is available on the DIKSHA app.

Copyright and Publication

  • All rights reserved by the Maharashtra State Bureau of Textbook Production and Curriculum Research.

  • No part of this book should be reproduced without written permission from the Director.

History of Political Science Education

  • The Political Science curriculum for Standard XII builds on the foundation of the Standard XI textbook, expanding on concepts since 1991 and addressing contemporary global issues, humanitarian challenges, and the role of the state in governance and foreign policy.

Introduction to Political Science

  • Political Science offers insights into power structures, government systems, and significant global and local issues like environmental policy, sustainable development, poverty, and gender equality.

  • Chapters discuss concepts of governance, the evolution of India's foreign policy, and challenges to national integration.

Key Competencies in Political Science

  1. The World since 1991: Analyze trends in international relations and humanitarian issues.

  2. Globalization: Understand economic and political changes and their implications.

  3. Humanitarian Issues: Evaluate environment, development, and gender issues.

  4. National Integration: Emphasize national identity and challenges to unity.

  5. Good Governance: Explore dimensions of governance in India.

  6. India and the World: Study India's foreign relations and role in international politics.

Additional Learning Resources

  • The textbook provides QR codes leading to multimedia resources, enhancing self-study and engagement.

Historical Context of Indian Governance

  • The Preamble of the Indian Constitution encapsulates the essence of democratic governance and the commitment to justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity.

  • National Anthem and Pledge reflect the unity and integrity of the nation.

Key Takeaways from the Concept of Good Governance

  • Recognizes the need for transparency, accountability, participation, responsiveness, and inclusiveness to enhance the overall governance structure.

  • Civil Society's Role: Involvement of NGOs and other actors in governance is crucial for a responsive political system.

  • E-Governance Initiatives: Leverage technology to improve public service delivery and access to information, fostering citizen engagement.

Conclusion

  • Understanding India's political landscape involves discussions around constitutional duties, governance, and the evolving relationships with various global entities.