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Psychosocial = psychological + social factors

• Psychological domains = affect, behavior, cognition

• Awareness = self-awareness + other-awareness

• Socialization = learning norms and traditions

• Well-being = objective + subjective

• Well-being dimensions = physical, emotional, mental, material, social

Love – a complex emotional, cognitive, and social experience that promotes closeness or

cohesion toward someone.

• Intimacy – deep personal knowing and emotional closeness.

• Passion – the emotional and physical component of love associated with attraction and desire.

• Commitment – the decision to enter and maintain a loving relationship.

• Relationship – a social bond formed through communication and interaction

A. Psychodynamic view – highlights unconscious motives, eros and thanatos, and the influence of

early childhood attachment on later relationships.

• B. Color Wheel of Love – primary types: eros, philia, storge; secondary types: pragma, agape,

philautia.

• C. Triangular Model of Love – Sternberg’s three components: passion, intimacy, commitment.

• D. Romantic and Companionate Love – romantic love centers on intense passion, while

companionate love centers on deep intimacy and emotional closeness.

• E. Love Languages – ways people express and receive love: words of affirmation, touch, time,

gifts, acts of service.

Passion -infatuation

Intimacy only – liking

• Commitment only – empty love

• Passion + Intimacy – romantic love

• Passion + Commitment – ludic love

• Intimacy + Commitment – friendly love

• Passion + Intimacy + Commitment – consummate love

Stages of Intimate Relationships

• 1. Acquaintance – people meet and attraction begins.

• 2. Buildup – interaction becomes more frequent; people share more activities and test

boundaries.

• 3. Consolidation or Continuation – people formalize commitment through exclusivity, domestic

partnership, or marriage.

• 4. Decline or Deterioration – commitment weakens due to changing priorities, infidelity, or

irreconcilable differences.

• 5. Ending or Termination – the relationship is dissolved informally or formally.

Sensorium – the totality of the human senses and perception.

• Olfaction – sense of smell.

• Tactile – anything related to touch.

• Pheromone – a substance believed to influence social behavior.

• Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) – a set of protein molecules associated with the

immune system and attraction in some studies.

Fight – confronting the danger directly.

• Flight – escaping from danger.

• Freeze – becoming unable to act for a moment.

Behavior may be overt (observable) or covert (not easily seen)

• Autoerotic behavior – self-directed sexual behavior, such as masturbation or self-stimulation.

• Homoerotic behavior – sexual behavior directed toward the same sex.

• Heterosexual behavior – sexual behavior directed toward the opposite sex.

• Copulatory behavior involves coitus, or penis-vagina penetration.

• Ventral-ventral position – male and female face each other.

• Ventral-dorsal position – male is behind the female.

• Non-copulatory behaviors include hugging, kissing, caressing, fellatio, cunnilingus, and anal

sexual activity

Sexual Response Cycle – Masters and Johnson

• 1. Excitement – males develop erection and elevated testes; females develop lubrication and

swelling of the clitoris and labia; both show increased heart rate.

• 2. Plateau – stimulation intensifies; in males the glans and corona enlarge and redden; in females

the vaginal walls expand and the orgasmic platform forms.

• 3. Orgasm – climax stage; in males ejaculation occurs through muscular contractions; in females

the vagina, uterus, and sphincters contract.

• 4. Resolution – the body returns to resting state.

Kaplan’s Model

• Desire – psychological interest in sexual activity.

• Arousal – physiological bodily changes due to sexual stimulation.

• Orgasm – completion of the response

Sexual Response Dysfunctions

• Sexual desire disorder – very low desire or aversion to sexual activity.

• Sexual arousal disorder – difficulty reaching the physical state needed for sexual activity.

• Orgasmic disorder – difficulty reaching orgasm.

• Sexual pain disorders – pain during sexual activity, such as dyspareunia or vaginismus.

Basic chain = belief attitude action