Week 9 Tut - Psychological Problems
Psychological Problems: Mental Health and Disorders
Defining Mental Health and Disorder
A mental health condition becomes a disorder when it significantly impairs an individual's regular life and functioning. This includes areas such as:
Employment
Relationships
Overall fulfillment
Dimensional vs. Categorical Approaches
Dimensional Approach: Views mental health as fluid and qualitative, existing on a spectrum.
Categorical Approach: The current system (DSM-5) uses this approach, classifying disorders into distinct categories.
Common Diagnostic Systems
DSM: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
ICD: International Classification of Diseases.
Disorder Symptoms and Prevalence
Major Depression Symptoms
Insomnia
Appetite and weight fluctuation
Social withdrawal
Lethargy
Low mood
Low motivation
Suicidal ideation
Treatments for Major Depression
Medication: Antidepressants, mood stabilizers
CBT: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Interpersonal therapy
Psychotherapy
Social Anxiety
Fear of negative evaluation and social withdrawal.
Avoidance of social situations.
Physiological symptoms:
Racing heart
Increased breathing rate
Cognitive symptoms:
Rumination
Catastrophic thinking
Bipolar Disorder
Characterized by:
Manic episodes
Depressive episodes
Manic episodes involve:
Nervous system in overdrive
Impaired judgment
Insomnia
Rapid thought and speech
High energy
Treatments for Bipolar Disorder
Medication: Lithium, mood stabilizers, antipsychotics
CBT: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Interpersonal therapy
Psychotherapy
Schizophrenia
Symptoms Include:
Change in eating patterns
Paranoia / Psychosis / Hallucinations
Catatonic behavior
Treatments for Schizophrenia
Medication: Antipsychotics
CBT: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Psychotherapy