Feeds & Feeding – Exam III Review

Exam Structure and Instructions

  • Course: Feeds & Feeding – Exam III

  • Date: 8 November 2019

  • General Instructions:

    • Read the instructions for each section carefully before starting.

    • For calculations, show all work and round answers to two decimal places.

Matching Sections

Matching Set I

  1. Pale Soft Exudative Pork ___

    • Answer: I. Stained ham

  2. Atrophic rhinitis ___

    • Answer: G. Crooked nose

  3. Rumensin ___

    • Answer: H. Often a dead horse; bird coccidiostat

  4. Phytase ___

    • Answer: B. Enzyme to make grain P available

  5. Hog Gestation ___

    • Answer: K. 3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days

  6. Sheep Gestation ___

    • Answer: C. 7 months

  7. Iron in hog rump ___

    • Answer: A. Too much grain or too much milk

  8. Gastric ulcers horses ___

    • Answer: J. Rough handling & overheat prior to harvest

  9. Gastric ulcers hogs ___

    • Answer: L. Finely ground feed or too much copper

  10. Entertoxemia sheep ___

    • Answer: F. Fed too little hay to chew on

Extra Credit (1 point)

  • Question: What is the compound in alfalfa that interferes with flushing ewes?

  • Question: What is the Monterey Bay Aquarium Seafood Watch?

Matching Set II

  1. Overfishing List __

    • Answer: H. Harvest rate is too high

  2. Overfished List __

    • Answer: L. Population is too small

  3. Zebra Fish __

    • Answer: J. Lab rat of aquaculture

  4. Brackish __

    • Answer: F. Partially fresh & salt water

  5. Common aquaponics fish __

    • Answer: B. Tilapia

  6. Constantly break shell __

    • Answer: C. Fed for specific purpose, ie coloring agent

  7. Bullwhip Kelp __

    • Answer: A. Can grow up to 10 inches/day

  8. Big fish in small bowl __

    • Answer: D. Produce anti-growth hormone

  9. Functional Food __

    • Answer: E. Horse absorption of VFA’s for maintenance

  10. Provide 30% of DE __

    • Answer: I. Oysters

Matching Set III

  1. Convert NH3 to NO2 ___

    • Answer: J. Nitrosomonas

  2. Convert NO2 to NO3 ___

    • Answer: G. Nitrobacter

  3. Trichinosis ___

    • Answer: K. Parasite found in some pork

  4. Copper level for pigs ___

    • Answer: H. 250 ppm

  5. Copper level for sheep ___

    • Answer: I. 100 ppm

  6. Bee’s wings ___

    • Answer: L. Red particle off corn

  7. Biotin & methionine ___

    • Answer: A. Equine hoof care supplements

  8. Agro-ecology ___

    • Answer: E. Sustainable management of natural resources

  9. Trout ___

    • Answer: D. Cold water fish

  10. Catfish ___

    • Answer: F. Warm water fish

Extra Credit (1 point)

  • Question: What is a bummer lamb?

  • Question: What is the Schmallenberg Virus?

Matching Set IV

  1. Baby Fish __

    • Answer: D. Fry

  2. EPSM __

    • Answer: G. High glycogen in muscles

  3. 65% grain:35% forage __

    • Answer: K. Sheep Feedlot diet

  4. Poikilotherms __

    • Answer: L. Dependent on environmental temperature

  5. Halver __

    • Answer: E. Floating rafts aquaponics

  6. Toxic in nitrogen cycle __

    • Answer: C. Ammonia & nitrites

  7. Aztecs __

    • Answer: J. WSU Fish Nutritionist

  8. Nesting __

    • Answer: B. Pregnant sow due to farrow behavior

  9. Barbaro __

    • Answer: I. Broken leg during a race

  10. Goats __

    • Answer: A. Other than nutritionist, most impt in feedlot

Short Answer Section (Total 40 points)

  1. Gilts vs. Barrows in Feeding (5 points)

    • Gilts or Barrow: Barrow

    • Higher or Lower: Higher

    • Why: Barrows typically consume more than gilts due to size and muscle development requirements.

  2. Life Cycle of an Ewe (5 points)

    • Instructions: Draw the life cycle and indicate three points of high nutrient requirements.

  3. Polyculture System Illustration (10 points)

    • Instructions: Draw a polyculture system and provide names and descriptions for each fictitious animal included.

  4. Machine Feeding of Fish (5 points)

    • Major Drawback: Lack of consistency in feeding leading to variable growth rates.

    • Right Size Food Particle: Size can be measured against the mouth size of the fish species.

    • Food Too Small: Can result in undernourishment.

    • Food Too Big: Can lead to starvation or health issues due to difficulty swallowing.

  5. Considerations for Feeding a Geriatric Horse (5 points)

    • Factor One: Dental health - affects ability to chew.

    • Factor Two: Nutritional needs - higher fiber to maintain health.

    • Factor Three: Weight management - to avoid obesity or depletion.

    • Factor Four: Activity level - adjust diet according to mobility.

  6. Horse Feeding Guidelines (5 points)

    • Recommended %BW-DM Forage: Typically around 1.5-2% of body weight.

    • Why: Adequate fiber for digestive health.

    • Recommended %BW-DM Grain: Maximum 0.5% of body weight.

    • Why: To prevent digestive upset and colic.

  7. Ewe Weight Concerns (5 points)

    • Reason One: Fat ewes have difficulty lambing.

    • Reason Two: Increased risk of metabolic diseases.

    • Reason Three: Poor milk production due to fat accumulation.

    • Reason Four: Reduced fertility rates.

  8. Andy's Condition (5 points)

    • Wrong with Andy: Likely suffering from laminitis or grain overload.

    • Should Have Been Done: Diet restriction and careful grain management.

    • What to Do Now: Gradually reintroduce forage, monitor condition closely.

  9. Feeding Strategy for Replacement Animals (5 points)

    • Replacement Gilt: High protein diet to support growth.

    • Replacement Ewe: Balanced diet focusing on fiber and energy for reproductive performance.

    • Why: Different nutritional demands based on reproductive roles.

Extra Credit (1 point)

  • Question: Why put sugar on prolapsed tissue?

  1. Types of Swine Diets (5 points)

    • Diet One: Starter Diet

    • Diet Two: Grower Diet

    • Diet Three: Finisher Diet (circled for highest protein requirement).

  2. Ewe with Udder Issues (5 points)

    • Suggested Action: Provide anti-inflammatory medications and manage diet.

  3. Mineral Concern in Horses on High Oxalate Grasses (5 points)

    • Name of Mineral: Calcium

    • Too High or Too Low: Concern of too low level.

    • Result: Can lead to metabolic bone disease or other deficiencies.

    • Supplement: Calcium carbonate or other calcium-rich sources.

Extra Credit (1 point)

  • Question: In spring grazing cool season grasses, the carbohydrate of concern is Fructans.

  1. Flushing Ewes Before Breeding (5 points)

    • Schedule: Flush two weeks prior to breeding; dietary focus on energy-dense feeds.

    • After Flushing: Maintain high-quality feed to support gestation and lactation.

    • Result of Flushing: Increased ovulation rate and better lamb survival.

Part III: Calculations (Total 10 Points)

  1. Protein:Energy Ratio Calculation for Pregnant Mare (5 points)

    • Energy Requirement: 19.7 Mcal

    • Protein Requirement: 870 g

    • Ratio Formula: extRatio=racextProtein(g)extEnergy(Mcal)ext{Ratio} = rac{ ext{Protein (g)}}{ ext{Energy (Mcal)}}

      • Calculation Result:
        extRatio=rac87019.7ext(exactcalculationhere)ext{Ratio} = rac{870}{19.7} ext{ (exact calculation here)}

    • Importance: Ensures appropriate nutrition for fetal development and maternal support.

  2. Fish Diet Mixing Calculation (5 points)

    • DM Composition Requirements:

      • Fish meal (25%, 90% DM, 60% CP DM)

      • Liver meal (10%, 85% DM, 65% CP DM)

      • SBM meal (20%, 90% DM, 40% CP DM)

      • Corn meal (40%, 95% DM, 10% CP DM)

      • Sunflower Oil (5%, 99% DM, 0% CP DM)

    • Calculation for each feed item based on total %DM and requirements.

Extra Credit (5 points)

  • Question: What is the %CP DM of the diet?

    • Calculation for %CP on Dry Matter basis across the mixed feed.