JSS KEY INFO
Formation of a Cyclone:
Step 1 - Warm air rises from the ocean. As the warm air rises it leaves a space below it. This space is instantly filled by surrounding air rushing in, causing strong wind.
Step 2 - Rising air brings moisture with it. This cools and condenses to form towering storm clouds. This forms the eye wall.
Step 3 - When the cooled air descends it will form an area of calm in the centre called the eye
Step 4 - The spin of the Earth leads to the storm starting to spin.
Amount of damages caused by disasters in 2023 ($378 Billion)
Number of people unaccounted, displaced, and died as a result of Cyclone Gabrielle
(6,960, 10,000, 11)
Wind Speed and duration required for a storm to be categorised as a cyclone
(118 km/h to 300 km/h)
The amount of rainfall fallen, strength of the wind, and the height of the waves between 12th-14th February 2023
(300-400mm, 130-140 km/h, 11 metres)
Number of homes that were red stickered after Cyclone Gabrielle (469)
When was the Turkey Syria Earthquake (February 6, 2023)
Plates that lie beneath the land and ocean of our planet (Tectonic)
The magnitude of the Turkey Syria earthquake (7.8 magnitude)
____ has left many hillsides around the country at at serious risk of landslides (Subsidence)
Impact: The effects of an extreme natural or cultural event
Response:
Short-term or immediate: A response in the day and weeks immediately after a disaster has happened. Short-term responses mainly involve search and rescue and helping the injured with medical aid then providing emergency shelter, food, and water.
Long-term: Responses that go on for months to years after a disaster. They involve rebuilding destroyed infrastructure, e.g. roads, houses, power and water supplies, schools and hospitals. They also involve “Kick-starting” the local economy.
Process: A sequence of action (step by step), natural and/or cultural. That shape and change environments, places, and societies
Natural Disaster: A natural disaster may be caused by weather and climate events or by earthquakes, landslides, and other occurrences that originate at Earth's surface or within the planet itself.
Tropical Cyclone: A very intense circular storm that forms over tropical oceans.
Hero: A person who is admired for their courage, outstanding achievements, or noble qualities
Earthquake: A sudden shaking of the Earth’s surface caused by the movement of molten rock (or magma) deep below
Richter Scale: Measures the magnitude of an earthquake (how powerful it is)
Aftershock: Lower magnitude tremors that follow the principle earthquake or main shock
Subsidence: The ground can sink down during an earthquake. This creates a flood hazard and can cause the ground to crack
The duration of WWII (1939-45)
Number of people who died in concentration camps (6 million)
When was the Nuremberg Laws created (1935)
When did Kristallnacht happen (November 9th-10th 1938)
Amount of children living in material hardship NZ (1 in 8)
Poverty related health incidents per year (40,000)
Number of kids the NZ government will provide with lunch 2023 (230,000)
Human Rights: A moral or legal entitlement to have or obtain something or to act in a certain way
Values: The standards of behaviour and things that we think are important in our lives
Ideology: A set of opinions or beliefs of a group or an individual
Viewpoint: The structured way in which we explain people’s opinions, this includes their point of view and ideology
UDHR: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Racism: The belief that another race in inferior to yours, leading to prejudice, discrimination, and ill treatment of people of that race
Activism: Vigorous campaigning to bring about social and/or political change
Humantarism: The mindset of being concerned with the welfare of others and striving to improve the living conditions of lives of those less fortunate, like those living in poverty
Extremism: Activities (beliefs, attitudes, feeling, action, strategies) far removed from the ordinary.
Holocaust: The deliberate killing of European Jews during World War II
Propaganda: Biassed or misleading information used to promote a political cause or point of view
Social Action: An action to try and effect change to address a social issue
When was the NZ wars (1845-72)
The duration of the Northern War (1845-46)
Loss of life during the NZ wars (500-2,000 Kingitanga, 700 British soldiers)
Percentage of Maori loss of land between 1860-90 (80%-40%)
The duration of WWI (1914-18)
The amount of soldiers allies sent to war (42 million)
Pakanga: A violent conflict between two or more groups
Cause: The reason/reasons that give rise to an event
Tactic: An action or strategy carefully planned to achieve a specific end
Consequence: The things that happen as a result of an event
Significance: The quality of being worthy of attention or importance
Te Tiriti: The Maori version of the Treaty of Waitangi
Commemorate: To recall and show respect toward a people or event