Emperor stripped of political power - serves in a ceremonial role
Japan became a parliamentary democracy constitutional monarchy
Women and men allowed to vote
New parliamentary legislature (DIET) created
Land seized during WWII had to be given back
MILITARY CHANGES-
Japanese military disbanded
Cannot declare war
ECONOMIC CHANGES-
Traditional economy replaced with a market economy
US became a trading partner
Invested heavily in human capital and capital goods
Invested heavily in infrastructure
SOCIAL CHANGES-
English became a second language
Japan adopts many aspects of US culture
CHINESE CIVIL WAR
1930s - Nationalists (Guomindang) v Communists
Interrupted by Japan invasion & WWII
Before the Japan invasion…the communists were loosing and fleeing at the Long March
The Long March is one of the reasons the communists won the war.
1949 - Communists win
Nationalists flee to Taiwan
Reasons for Communist Victory
Supported by peasants - largest class
They are interacting with more people
The peasants were willing to hide them
Guerilla tactics - perfected from Japan
Not a traditional battle
Trying to take your enemy by surprise
Attack when they are at their weakness
MAO ZEDONG
Leader of Communist party in China
Promised to improve living conditions
Established People’s Republic of China
October 1, 1949
Instills Communist ideology within the Republic
MAIN GOAL - to make China strong and to make sure people have a better way of life
He is going to try to make policies that improve the people’s living situation
Dies in 1976
“Revolution is not a dinner party, nor an essay, nor a painting, nor a piece of embroidery; it cannot be so refined, so leisurely and gentle, so temperate, kind, courteous, restrained, and magnanimous. A revolution is an insurrection, an act of violence by which one class overthrows another.” - Mao Zedong
The Revolution is going to be violent because there is one class trying to overthrow the other
GREAT LEAP FORWARD
Was this a positive or negative policy for China?
Negative because there were millions who died
“Deadliest Leader of all time”
GOAL: to get rid of family farms and making it a group/village owned farms
How were the people affected?
There was a famine that caused the death of about 55 million people
Economic disaster and human tragedy
Economic & agricultural policy from 1958-1961
GOAL - increase farm & industrial output
Communes -> villages & people
Backyard industries produce steel
Agricultural production
DISASTROUS FAILURE = useless goods, famine
No one is buying what they are making
US steel was way cheaper and better
Famine happens across throughout the 3 years
RESULTS = 55 million starved to death
CULTURAL REVOLUTION
Social program used by Mao Zedong from 1966 - 1976
GOAL - purge China of “bourgeois” or non-revolutionaries
Anything that goes against communism, the Chinese government, or any Western ideas
Chinese youth (Red Guard) = enforcers of this policy/program
Little Red Book
RESULTS - economy stalled, unrest rose
Children are turning in their teachers, parents, and random people
Accused are humiliated, beaten, & murdered
Skilled workers - forced to farm or labor camps
Schools & factories closed
CHINA AND COLD WAR
USSR & China = uneasy alliance
Communist ideology, yet different - peasants & Marxism
Border clashes in 1959
They do not have great relationships with either country