Dairy Foods: Producing the Best Notes

Term 1: Grade A Pasteurized Milk Ordinance (PMO)
Definition 1: Published by the Public Health Service of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (USPHS/FDA), it regulates most milk in the United States.
Term 2: National Conference on Interstate Milk Shipments (NCIMS)
Definition 2: Meets biennially to update the PMO with the USPHS/FDA's concurrence, ensuring uniform milk safety standards across states.
Term 3: Standard Plate Count (SPC)
Definition 3: Estimates the number of aerobic bacteria in milk; limits are 100,000/ml for individual producer's milk and 20,000/ml for pasteurized milk.
Term 4: Somatic Cell Count (SCC)
Definition 4: Indicates milk quality; counts should not exceed 750,000/ml in individual producer milk.
Term 5: Phosphatase Test
Definition 5: Verifies sufficient heat treatment during pasteurization; the limit is less than 1 µg/ml by the Scharer Rapid Method.
Term 6: Beta-Lactam Antibiotics
Definition 6: A type of antibiotics that PMO requires all tank loads of milk to be tested for before they are offloaded at the milk processing plant.
Term 7: Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM)
Definition 7: of the FDA monitors testing for antibiotics nationally by testing 750 samples that state regulatory agencies have submitted from the national sample of 5,000 farms.
Term 8: Milkstone
Definition 8: Residue composed of insoluble salts of calcium, magnesium, and other minerals plus proteins that tends to be deposited on equipment when hard water is used for cleaning and rinsing, only alkaline cleaners are used, and insufficient detergent is used.
Term 9: Babcock Test
Definition 9: A volumetric test in which fat is released from its emulsified state and the protein and lactose are digested by concentrated sulfuric acid.
Term 10: Aflatoxins
Definition 10: Toxins produced by microorganisms of the environment that can be found in milk if cattle consumes contaminated feeds.