Engels V.1 VOC
· Exhilaration
o Meaning: A feeling of great happiness, excitement, or energy.
o Example: She felt a sense of exhilaration after finishing the race.
· Deterioration
o Meaning: The process of becoming worse over time, often referring to health, conditions, or quality.
o Example: The old building showed signs of deterioration after years of neglect.
· To jostle
o Meaning: To push, shove, or bump against someone, typically in a crowd, often in a way that’s rough or unintentional.
o Example: People jostled each other as they rushed to board the train.
· Bog
o Meaning:
o A wet, muddy area of land, often difficult to walk through (a swamp or marsh).
o Informally in British English, it can also mean a toilet.
o Example:
o The hikers got stuck in the bog while exploring the trail.
o (Informal) He’s in the bog, he’ll be back soon.
· Flabbergasted
o Meaning: Extremely surprised or shocked, often in a way that leaves you speechless.
Example: She was flabbergasted when she won the lottery
Give synonyms of these words:
Rations Supplies
Meaning: A fixed amount of food, supplies, or other necessities given out during shortages, especially in times of war.
Example: During the war, families had to live on small rations of bread and meat.
Aftermath Consequences
Meaning: The consequences or results of an event, often a negative or difficult situation.
Example: The aftermath of the hurricane left many people homeless.
Appalled Shocked
Meaning: Feeling shocked or horrified by something unpleasant or unacceptable.
Example: She was appalled by the terrible conditions in the shelter.
Quintessential Typical
Meaning: Representing the most perfect or typical example of something.
Example: Paris is the quintessential romantic city.
Esteem Respect or Admiration
Meaning: Respect or admiration for someone or something.
Example: The teacher is held in high esteem by her pupils.
Longevity Durability
· Meaning: Length of time something or someone lasts, especially a long duration of life or existence. It is often used to describe long life or the ability of something to endure over an extended period.
a. Sidewalk: Pavement
b. Drapes: Curtains
c. Scotch tape: Sellotape
d. Eraser: Rubber
e. Closet: Wardrobe
9.2.2 Find the following words
1. Topic (5 letters) – A subject or problem that people are thinking and talking about; environmental/ethical/personal topic.
2. Excess (7 letters) – Larger or richer than necessary: a excess bureaucracy.
3. Counterpart (11 letters) – A person or thing that has the same purpose as another one in a different place or organization: the prime minister is to meet his European counterpart to discuss the war against drugs.
4. Orphan (11 letters) – A child whose parents are dead: the civil war is making orphans of many children.
5. Discrimination (13 letters) – The situation where people do not get jobs above a particular rank due to their race, age, or sex: career progression of women and men in the higher education sector confirms a pattern of vertical discrimination.
6. Abandoned (9 letters) – Left behind, or left without care and protection: shelters are full of abandoned pets.
7. Shortfall (9 letters) – An amount that is less than the level that was expected or needed. The drought caused serious shortfall in the food supply.
8. Endless (7 letters) – Continuing for ever in the same way: they lived in endless fear of being discovered.
9. Plight (6 letters) – An unpleasant condition, especially a serious, sad, or difficult one: the plight of the poor/homeless.
10. Vigor (5 letters) – Strength, energy, or enthusiasm: after vacation, she returned to work with renewed vigor.
11. Misaligned (10 letters) – To arrange parts of a machine or system badly, with the result that they do not work well together: if the wheels are misaligned, it can cause excessive wear on your tyres.
12. Lukewarm (8 letters) – Not enthusiastic or interested: her proposals got a lukewarm response.
13. Counteracts (11 letters) – To reduce or remove the effect of something unwanted by producing an appropriate effect: Drinking a lot of water counteracts the dehydration effects of the hot weather.
14. Clammy (6 letters) – Sticky and slightly wet in an unpleasant way: my hands felt all clammy.
· Do out of: She was done out of her fair share of the inheritance.
· Make for: The dark clouds make for a stormy afternoon.
· Make off: The thief made off with a large sum of money.
· Make up to: He decided to make up to his sister for forgetting her birthday.
· Do away with: The company decided to do away with outdated office equipment.
9.2.4 Rephrasing expressions
· To muscle in
o To forcefully involve yourself in something.
o To intrude or interfere.
· To own up
o To admit or confess.
o To take responsibility.
· To polish off
o To finish completely (often food).
o To consume or complete quickly.
· To take it out on
o To blame or mistreat someone unfairly because of your own problems.
o To vent anger on someone.
· To stand up to
o To resist or confront someone confidently.
o To challenge or face someone boldly.