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• Personality Disorders

  • Histrionic Personality Disorder: Characterized by the need for constant attention and admiration, often through dramatic or overly emotional behavior.

  • Avoidant Personality Disorder: Marked by a fear of rejection and feelings of inadequacy, leading to social inhibition.

  • Grandiose Delusions: An inflated sense of one's own importance, abilities, or identity, often seen in certain personality disorders.

  Psychological Therapies

  Reaction Formation: When someone behaves in a way that is opposite to their true feelings, often to hide their anxiety or discomfort.

  • Psychoanalytic Therapy: Focuses on exploring unconscious conflicts and early childhood experiences as a way to understand and resolve current issues.

Defense Mechanisms

• Be able to identify and explain examples of common defense mechanisms, including:

  • Regression

  • Displacement

  • Projection

  • Rationalization 

  • Reaction formation

  Social Influence

  • Conformity: Adjusting one's behavior or beliefs to match those of others, often to fit in or avoid conflict.

  • Compliance: Agreeing to requests from others, even if we do not want to, typically for social approval.

  • Obedience: Following direct commands or instructions from an authority figure.

  • Social Loafing: The tendency to exert less effort when working in a group than when working individually.

  • Groupthink: A phenomenon where the desire for harmony or conformity in a group results in irrational or dysfunctional decision-making.

  • Group Polarization: The tendency for group discussion to strengthen the prevailing opinions of group members.

Classical conditioning

• Examples of generalization

• examples of discrimination

• examples of extinction

• examples of spontaneous recovery in classical conditioning.

Operant conditioning

Recognize real-life examples of these concepts:

• Understand reinforcement schedules

• understand fixed ratio

• understand variable ratio