Stanton In-Class Discussion

Thursday, November 21st, 2024

  • Says art is rooted in moral effect — mirrors Merrill’s ideas

  • Critics of Gardner are too invested in theory instead of art

  • Gardner asserts that most modern fiction is tinny, commercial, and immoral

    • Truly good stories show how to behave rather than show our cynicism

    • Gardner argues that Grendel is not from immorality, it is instead a cautionary tale

  • Critics say Gardner has an ego and has an attitude — simply bashing him for the interpretation of his own work

    → say he often doesn’t meet the demanding standards Gardner applies to others

    → refers to how he doesn’t use the skills promoted in moral fiction

    → say his other books are dull when compared to Grendel

The Accident and Gardner’s Death

  • Blames himself for his brothers death

  • Feels that he chose his brother’s fate

    → undeniably believes he held his brother’s life in his hands

  • Death instead of a life of paralysis — even though realistically the brakes wouldn’t have saved him

    → Even if it wasn’t possible to save him, he had the conception that he caused his brother’s death

  • Accident haunted him until death

    → copious drinking, nonsleeping, and reckless driving led him to his death

  • Gardner “dared God to keep him alive”

    → Parallels to Grendel’s actions — middle finger to the sky

Philosophies Recap

Empiricism - Belief that knowledge comes from sensory experience

→Present in the final seen, slammed against a wall — tangible reality

Existentialism - Human life is anguished, absurd, and meaningless

What is the point of man’s life?

What is the purpose of human events?

→ Dragon tasks Grendel to create meaning of life

→Grendel needed meaning, got it through the dragon, gave it back to the people due to shaper’s visions, fulfilled his “duties”

Solipsism - The universe, as far as one can ever tell, is nothing but myself, my mind, and its ideas

Rejection of the external world (only the mind exists)

→Grendel before he interacted with humans

→ Bull scene shows his lack of knowledge for the outside world