1-5 notes

The Lever Act of 1917

• Granted U.S. government authority to regulate food and fuel prices during WWI.

• Sections:

  • Authority for price control to ensure military and ally supply.

  • Unlawful to sell food above president-fixed prices; equitable distribution required.

  • President can ration food and fuel to ensure adequate supply for all.

  • Violators face penalties like fines or imprisonment.

  • Cooperation with state/local authorities to enforce provisions.

The Sedition Act of 1918

• Signed into law by President Wilson; aimed to curb dissent during war.

• Punished disloyal speech about the government, military, or flag with fines up to $10,000 or up to 20 years imprisonment.

Schenck v. United States (1919)

• Established "clear and present danger" test for restricting free speech during wartime.

• Speech that could hinder war efforts is not protected.

Great Migration Correspondence (1917)

• Black southerners wrote to the Chicago Defender about migrating to northern cities for work during the war.

• Highlighted economic struggles and necessity for family unity in migration requests.

W.E.B. DuBois, "Returning Soldiers" (1919)

• Urged returning black soldiers to continue fighting for civil rights at home.

• Criticized America for racial injustices despite fighting for democracy overseas.

Woman Suffrage During WWI

• Women's ability to vote framed as essential for supporting democracy and the war effort.

• Widespread enfranchisement linked to America’s reputation and efficiency in wartime.

Mobilizing Woman Power (1918)

• Discussed the critical role of women in the workforce during wartime.

• Advocated for women to participate in agricultural and industrial efforts due to increased demands for labor.