Performance and digital media study

Mimesis and Diegesis

Definitions

  • Mimesis

    • Acting out the story; refers to artistic imitation and representation

    • Delivered through performance

  • Diegesis

    • Narrating the story

    • Includes various media types such as literature, poetry, film, and video games

Terminology

  • Diegeisthai

    • Means "to lead/guide through"; encompasses concepts such as giving an account, expounding, explaining, or narrating

  • Narrative Types

    • Diegesis dia mimeseos: Direct speech as seen in drama

    • Haple diegesis: Unmixed diegesis; narrative voice of the poet or authorial storyteller

    • Diegesis di’ amphoteron: Narrative that mixes both types

    • Eventually differentiated into simple diegesis, indicating a third-person narrative


Modern Distinction Between Showing and Telling

Simplifications

  • Plato's terminology simplified; diegesis becomes focused on third-person narrative

  • Emergence of plain diegesis vs. diegesis by means of mimesis

  • Aristotle's view on diegematic mimesis: Homer's dramatic practice presents both the epic tale and its telling

  • Immediacy: Mimesis offers a direct experience of the story to the audience

  • Diegesis: Communicates the story without immediacy


Ancient Perspectives

Socratic Differentiation

  • Socrates contrasts two modes of telling:

    • Voice of an authorial narrator

    • Voices of the agents involved in the story

Platonic Critique

  • Critique rooted in ethical priorities; concerns about imagination's effect on the soul's unity

  • Highlights the dangers of assimilating one's thoughts to characters' viewpoints


Complications in the Mimesis/Diegesis Divide

Challenging Scenarios

  • What if a character recounts a story?

  • What if the storyteller adopts a character's voice?

  • The impact of direct audience address from the storyteller

  • Influence of visual storytelling devices, such as costumes and glances

  • Narration vs. showing dialog in various contexts like film and literature


Conclusion

  • Mimesis and diegesis coexist on a spectrum rather than strictly defined labels


Immersive Theatre and Digital Media

Definition of Immersive Theatre

  • A blend of installations and expansive environments engaging mobile audiences and inviting participation

  • Resists straightforward genre definitions as it encompasses diverse practices

    • Referred to as immersive shows, performances, installations, events, and experiences

Core Concept

  • Immersive experiences create a sense of memory imprinting, channeling powerful impressions through audience participation

  • Conceptualized as immersion: diving into and mingling with the performance universe


Creation and Examples

Key Creators and Companies

  • Punchdrunk, Third Rail Projects, Speakeasy Dollhouse

  • Build inviting, dense worlds often site-specific for audiences to explore

Narrative Approaches

  • Traditional linear plots are abandoned for fragmented or procedural narratives


Digital Technology in Performance

Integration of Digital Elements

  • Digital tech enhances immersive experiences

    • Somnai (2018) utilizes VR, AR, and projection mapping exploring lucid dreaming

    • Additional examples: Kidnap (1998), Best Before (2010), Symphony of a Missing Room (2012)

Characteristics of Immersive Experience

  • Sense of world as pre-existing and evolving independent of the user

  • Importance of creating environments ready for audience exploration


Information Intensity

Definition and Importance

  • Critical for maintaining immersive experiences

    • Relates to the richness and variability of sensory information

  • Affects scenic environments to provoke multisensorial stimulations


Immersion as Experience

Defining Immersion

  • Involves a state characterized by perceptual transportation to an alternate reality

  • Essential for facilitating audience engagement in immersive theatre


Role-Playing in Immersive Theatre

Role Engagement

  • Blends physical spaces with fictional environments inviting audience embodiment

  • Offers active participation reminiscent of avatars in virtual spaces


Gamification of Performance

Conceptual Framework

  • Integrates game design elements into theatre, termed "theatre gamification"

  • Examples of pervasive games and their characteristics


Performance and Digital Media Integration

Evolution of Theatre Performance

  • Convergence of performance with digital environments leads to innovative narratives and interaction

  • Ongoing influence from technology on theatre and performance practices, including digital theatre and video drama


The Role of AI and Virtual Reality in Performance

Advancements

  • How technology has redefined performance expectations and audience experiences

  • Use of avatars and immersive roles in virtual platforms


Conclusion

  • The exploration of the intersections between theatre, performance, and digital media reveals evolving trends that continually shape audience engagement and narrative forms.

Mimesis and Diegesis

Definitions

Mimesis

  • Acting out the story; refers to artistic imitation and representation

  • Delivered through performance, allowing audiences to experience the narrative visually and emotionally.

Diegesis

  • Narrating the story through description and exposition.

  • Includes various media types such as literature, poetry, film, and video games, employing different narrative styles and perspectives.

Terminology

Diegeisthai

  • Means "to lead/guide through"; encompasses concepts such as giving an account, expounding, explaining, or narrating the events of a story.

Narrative Types

  • Diegesis dia mimeseos: Use of direct speech as presented in dramatic works.

  • Haple diegesis: Unmixed diegesis, representing the narrative voice of the poet or authorial storyteller.

  • Diegesis di’ amphoteron: A narrative format that mixes both mimesis and diegesis.

  • Eventually differentiated into simple diegesis, indicating a more traditional third-person narrative style.

Modern Distinction Between Showing and Telling

Simplifications

  • Plato's terminology has evolved, with diegesis being largely associated with third-person narration styles.

  • Emergence of terms distinguishing plain diegesis from diegesis by means of mimesis.

  • Aristotle's interpretation of diegematic mimesis highlights that Homer's dramatic practice embodies both the epic tale and its narrational aspect.

  • Immediacy: Mimesis provides a direct, engaging experience of the story to the audience, connecting them more directly with the action.

  • Diegesis communicates the narrative without the same immediacy, relying more heavily on narration and explanation.

Ancient Perspectives

Socratic Differentiation

  • Socrates contrasts two ways of narration:

    1. Voice of an authorial narrator: where the storyteller guides the audience through the narrative.

    2. Voices of the agents involved: recounted by characters themselves, providing personal perspectives on events.

Platonic Critique

  • Rooted in ethical considerations, Plato critiques how imagination might negatively affect the soul's unity.

  • This highlights the potential dangers of assimilating personal thoughts and beliefs too closely to a character's viewpoint.

Complications in the Mimesis/Diegesis Divide

  • Challenging scenarios arise, including:

    • What happens when a character recounts a story?

    • If the narrator adopts a character's voice, how does that affect viewer perception?

    • The impact of direct audience address by the storyteller, complicating the distinction between showing and telling.

    • The influence of visual storytelling devices (costumes, gestures) can blur narrative forms across genres like film and literature.

Conclusion

  • Mimesis and diegesis coexist on a spectrum, rather than serving as strictly defined concepts, showcasing a dynamic interplay between different narrative forms.

Immersive Theatre and Digital Media

Definition of Immersive Theatre

  • Defines a blend of installations and expansive environments that engage mobile audiences and invite active participation.

  • Immersive theatre resists straightforward genre definitions, encompassing diverse artistic practices that create a unique audience experience.

  • Often referred to as immersive shows, performances, installations, events, and experiences.

Core Concept

  • Immersive experiences create a profound sense of memory imprinting by channeling significant impressions through audience participation, allowing individuals to feel a part of the narrative.

  • Conceptualized as immersion, which involves engaging deeply with the performance universe, enabling a sense of discovery and interaction.

Creation and Examples

Key Creators and Companies

  • Notable practitioners include Punchdrunk, Third Rail Projects, and Speakeasy Dollhouse, known for crafting engaging and dynamic environments that invite exploration.

Narrative Approaches

  • Conventional linear plots are often abandoned in favor of fragmented or procedural narratives, enabling diverse interpretations based on audience choices.

Digital Technology in Performance

Integration of Digital Elements

  • Digital technology significantly enhances immersive experiences in theatre, allowing for innovative narratives and interactions.

  • Example productions such as Somnai (2018) utilize virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and projection mapping to create explorative environments centered around lucid dreaming.

  • Additional examples include Kidnap (1998), Best Before (2010), and Symphony of a Missing Room (2012).

Characteristics of Immersive Experience

  • Sense of world: Often portrayed as pre-existing, evolving independently from individual participation, enhancing the believability of the experience.

  • A principal focus on creating environments that are prepared and welcoming for audience interactions, fostering a sense of agency and involvement.

Information Intensity

Definition and Importance

  • Information intensity is crucial for maintaining engaging and immersive experiences, relating to the richness and variety of sensory information presented.

  • This quality affects scenic environments by provoking multisensory stimulation through auditory, visual, and tactile elements, drawing audiences deeper into the narrative.

Immersion as Experience

Defining Immersion

  • Immersion can be defined as a state characterized by perceptual transportation to an alternate reality, which is essential for facilitating audience engagement laid within immersive theatre contexts.

Role-Playing in Immersive Theatre

Role Engagement

  • Immersive theatre intertwines physical spaces with fictional environments, inviting audience members to embody roles or characters actively.

  • This participation offers experiences reminiscent of avatars in digital spaces, enhancing the immersive quality.

Gamification of Performance

Conceptual Framework

  • This involves integrating elements of game design into theatrical compositions, a phenomenon referred to as "theatre gamification."

  • Examples of this can be seen in various pervasive games, defining their interactive characteristics in live performance settings.

Performance and Digital Media Integration

Evolution of Theatre Performance

  • Ongoing convergence of traditional performance with digital environments leads to innovative narratives and interactive possibilities for audiences.

  • Continuous influence from technology shapes various aspects of theatre and performance practices, including the rise of digital theatre and video drama.

The Role of AI and Virtual Reality in Performance

Advancements

  • Investigating how advancements in technology have redefined performance expectations and transformed audience experiences, including the use of avatars and immersive roles in virtual platforms.

Conclusion

  • The exploration of intersections between theatre, performance, and digital media uncovers evolving trends that continually influence audience engagement and narrative forms, pointing towards a future rich with opportunities for creativity and innovation.