Vocabulary 1

*Let us go forth to lead the land we love.

• J. F. Kennedy. Inaugural Speech

we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our island, whatever the cost

may be, we shall lignt on the beaches, we shall hight on the landing grounds, we shall hight in the helds and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills. We shall never surrender." Winston Churchill

3. Aasrophe: transposition of normal word order, most often found in Latin in the case of prepositions and the words they

"The helmsman steered; the ship moved on; yet never a breeze up blew." Coleridge, "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner"

4. Antithesis: opposition, or contrast of ideas or words in a balanced or parallel construction.

"Extremism in defense of liberty is no vice; moderation in the pursuit of justice is no virtue." Barry Goldwater Brutus: Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more." Shakespeare, "The Tragedy of Julius Caesar The vases of the classical period are but the reflection of classical beauty; the vases of the archaic period are beau itself." Sir John Beazley

5. Apsophe: a sudden tum from the general audience to address a specific group or person or personified abstraction absent

"For Brutus, as you know, was Caesar's angel./ Judge, O you gods, how dearly Caesar loved him." Shakespeare,

"The Tragedy of Julius Caesar"

6. Archaism: use of an older or obsolete form

"Pipit sate upright in her chair/ Some distance from where I was sitting;" T. S. Eliot, "A Cooking Egg"

7. Assonance: renetition of the same sound in words close to each other.

"Thy kingdom come, thy will be done."

  1. Cacophony: harsh joining of sounds.
    "We want no parlay with you and your grisly gang who work your wicked will." Winston Churchill

  2. Climax: arrangement of words, phrases, or clauses in an order of ascending power. Often the last emphatic word in one
    "One equal temper of heroic hearts,/ Made weak by time and fate, but strong in will/ To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield. lennyson, Uvsse

10. Er unpisa substitution of an agreeable or at least non-offensive expression for one whose plainer meaning might be harsh

"When the final news came, there would be a ring at the front door -- a wife in this situation finds herself staring at the front door as if she no longer owns it or controls it-and outside the door would be a man... come to inform her that unfortunately something has happened out there, and her husband's body now lies incinerated in the swamps or the pines or the palmetto grass, "bumed beyond recognition," which anyone who had been around an air base very long (fortunately Jane nad not) realzed was quite an artlul euphemism to describe a human body that now looked like an enormous fowl that has burned up in a stove, burned a blackish brown all over, greasy and blistered, fried, in a word, with not only the entire face and all the hair and the ears burned off, not to mention all the clothing, but also the hands and feet, with what remains of the arms and legs bent at the knees and elbows and burned into absolutely rigid angles, burned a greasy blackish brown like the bursting body itself, so that this husband, father, officer. gentleman, this ornamentum of some mother's eye, His Majesty the Baby of just twenty-odd years back, has been reduced to a charred hulk with wings and shanks sticking out of it." Tom Wolfe, The Right Stuff

  1. Hyperbole: exaggeration for emphasis or for rhetorical effect
    "My vegetable love should grow/ Vaster than empires, and more slow:/ An hundred years should got to praise/ Thine eyes and on thine forehead gaze:/ Two hundred to adore each breast,/ But thirty thousand to the rest." Andrew Marvell, "To His Coy Mistress"

  2. Irony: expression of something which is contrary to the intended meaning; the words say one thing but mean another.

Tel Brutus says he was ambitious: And Brutus is an honourable man. Snakespeare, The Iragedy of Juhus

13. Metaphor implied comparison achieved through a figurative use of words; the word is used not in is literal sense, but in one

"Life's but a walking shadow; a poor player,/ That struts and frets his hour upon the stage." Shakespeare, "Macbeth"

  • « . . while he leamed the language (that meager and fragile thread... by which the little surface corners and edges of men's secret and solitary lives may be joined for an instant now and then before sinking back into the darkness..

  • "From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the continent." Winston

  • Churchill

14. Metonymy: substitution of one word for another which it suggests.

He is a man of the cloth.

The pen is mightier than the sword.

• By the sweat of thy brow thou shalt eat thy bread.

17. Paradox: an assertion seemingly opposed to common sense, but that may yet have some truth in it

"What a pity that youth must be wasted on the young." George Bernard Shaw

18. Personitication: attribution of personality to an impersonal thing

"England expects every man to do his duty." Lord Nelson

19. Simile: an explicit comparison between two things using like or as

"My love is as a fever, longing still/ For that which longer nurseth the disease," Shakespeare, Sonnet CXLVII

"Reason is to faith as the eye to the telescope."

"Let us go then, you and I,/ While the evening is spread out against the sky/ Like a patient etherized upon a table...

T.S. Eliot, "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock"

20. Stonyone; understanding one thing with another, the use of a part for the whole, or the whole for the part. (A form of

*Give us this day our daily bread." Matthew 6

• "I should have been a pair of ragged claws/ Scuttling across the floors of silent seas."

T. S. Eliot. "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock"

• The U.S. won three gold medals. (Instead of The members of the U.S. boxing team won three gold medals.)

use this to fill in the flashcards please

This historic achievement highlights S.'s exceptional skill and dedication in the sport.