Migration, empires and the people

Part one: Conquered and conquerors

• Invasion: Vikings and Anglo-Saxons; reasons for Viking invasions; creation of the Danelaw; Alfred and Wessex; King Cnut, Emma of Normandy and the North Sea Empire.

• A Norman Kingdom and ‘Angevin’ Empire: relationship between England and France; Henry II; invasion of Ireland; losses under King John.

• The birth of English identity: the Hundred Years’ War and its impact for England’s future development.

Part two: Looking west

• Sugar and the Caribbean: piracy and plunder; the development of the slave trade, including John Hawkins; settlements in Barbados and West Indies; the economic and social impact of the slave trade on Britain.

• Colonisation in North America: causes and consequences of British colonisation; Raleigh; Jamestown; contact and relations with indigenous peoples; commodities; Pilgrim Fathers; indentured servants; the War of Independence, loss of American colonies.

• Migrants to and from Britain: Huguenot migration; Highland clearances; the Ulster plantations.

Part three: Expansion and empire

• Expansion in India: causes and impact of British control; East India Company; Robert Clive; Warren Hastings; Indian Rebellion (1857); the social, political, cultural and economic impact of empire on Britain and India.

• Expansion in Africa: causes and impact of British involvement; trade and missionary activity; South Africa; Egypt; the Scramble for Africa; Cecil Rhodes; the Boer War (1899–1902); imperial propaganda.

• Migrants to, from and within Britain: Irish migration to Britain; Jewish migration to Britain; transportation; migration to and within the Empire, including migration of Asians to Africa; migration from rural to urban settings. Part four: Britain in the 20th century

• The end of Empire: the impact of the First and Second World Wars; the impact of Suez; nationalism and independence in India and Africa, including the role of Gandhi, Nkrumrah and Kenyatta.

• The legacy of Empire: ‘Windrush’ and the Caribbean migrants; the work of Claudia Jones in the UK; migration from Asia and Africa, including the role of Amin in Uganda; the Commonwealth; the Falklands War.

• Britain’s relationship with Europe and its impact: the impact of the Second World War; economic, social and cultural interaction; the end of the Cold War and membership of European Union; European and non-European migration.

Factors:

• war

• religion

• government

• economic resources

• science and technology

• ideas such as imperialism, social Darwinism and civilisation

• the role of individuals.

Impact: (significance/impact on society)

• AT at the time

• OT over time

• OAT over and at the time

• intended consequences

• unintended consequences

Questions:

• How has Britain been affected by conquest, settlement, and migration?

• What has motivated migration to and from Britain?

• Why did Britain gain and lose an empire and with what effects?

• How have the people of Britain and the wider world responded to, and been influenced by, interaction?

• What is the significance of key individuals and events in the development of empire and British identity?