What is Movement Science and the Movement System

Introduction to Movement Science and the Movement System

Overview of Movement Science

Dr. Caitlin Kothe introduces the topic of movement science, explaining its relevance and objectives.

Definition of Movement Science

Human movement science is defined as the study of how people move in various contexts. It encompasses factors related to the:

  • Analysis of physical activity

  • Improvement of physical activity

  • Recovery from physical activity

Fields Related to Movement Science

Movement science intersects with many fields beyond physical therapy, including:

  • Kinesiology

  • Physiology

  • Biomechanics

Focus Areas

The focus of movement science includes issues encountered in:

  • Everyday life (work and leisure)

  • Recreational activities

  • Competitive sports

Movement System

The movement system represents a conceptual framework that defines the identity of physical therapists.

Expert Opinion: Dr. Shirley Sahrmann

Dr. Sahrmann emphasizes that professional expertise in healthcare often associates with specific systems of the body (e.g., neurologists, cardiologists, dentists) but highlights that physical therapy should emphasize understanding over treatment alone.

Importance of Defining the Movement System

Dr. Sahrmann notes that:

  • There is a need for a broader definition of physical therapy that emphasizes knowledge.

  • For a professional identity, movement should be the focus, as it encompasses various bodily functions, such as:

    • Air moving through lungs

    • Insulin crossing membranes

    • Human interactions with the environment

The Limits of Current Perceptions

Physical therapy is often wrongly defined by actions ('doing physical therapy') rather than knowledge. Dr. Lisa Saladin asserts that physical therapy should not be treated as a verb or a generic action that can be hijacked by others without the same depth of knowledge or training. The unity provided by the movement system as a shared identity is vital for practitioners.

Composition of the Movement System

As defined and accepted by the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA):
The movement system is a collection of interrelated systems that work together to facilitate movement. These systems include:

  • Cardiovascular system

  • Pulmonary system

  • Endocrine system

  • Integumentary system

  • Nervous system

  • Musculoskeletal system

Integration with the ICF Model

The integration of the movement system into the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) model provides guidance for physical therapists when interacting with patients, helping to define their methods and goals in treatment and rehabilitation.

Summary

In conclusion, movement science is an overarching study of the principles and mechanisms that govern movement from physical, biomechanical, and psychological perspectives. In contrast, the movement system serves as a framework of the interrelated systems that facilitate bodily movement.

Thank you for your attention.