Market positioning
refers to the way the product is perceived in comparison with competing products
- conceptions consumers hold, benefits of products, USP, attributes of product, origin, or classification
differentiated products - designed so they have distinct products that are different from those of competing products
market mapping:
- market map - a tool that plots brands in the market according to how they meet their customer’s needs
- it allows a business to position individual products effectively

advantages:
- allows business to identify gaps in the market
- to identify where the competition is
- helpful for individual brands
disadvantages:
- its subjective
- the fact there is a gap in the market, does not mean there is a market there
- can only compare two features